The prevalence of cardiometabolic disease in people with psychotic disorders in secure settings – a systematic review

ABSTRACT

The aim of this review was to estimate the prevalence of cardiometabolic disease indicators in people with psychotic disorders in secure settings. A PRISMA guided systematic search and appraisal was conducted for studies of metabolic disease indicators in samples of adult male and female inpatients in secure psychiatric hospitals and inmates in custodial centres with diagnoses of psychotic disorders. Seventeen studies were selected for review. An ability to validly summarise and compare prevalence data across studies were limited by the extent of methodological heterogeneity. The weighted pooled prevalence rates were determined to be: metabolic syndrome 23.5% (N = 1,390, 95% CI 21.3, 25.7), diabetes 11.2% (N = 2,582, 95% CI 9.9, 12.4), dyslipidaemia 29.2% (N = 1,135, 95% CI 26.6, 31.9), hypertension 25.0% (N = 857, 95% CI 22.1, 27.9), being overweight or obese 72.4% (N = 840, 95% CI 69.4, 75.5) and cardiovascular disease 15.6% (N = 1,047, 95% CI 13.4, 17.8). The prevalence of CMD indicators in people with psychotic disorders in secure settings were predominantly higher compared to the general population and either similar or lower compared to people with psychotic disorders in the community.

KEYWORDS:

• ‘Metabolic syndrome’
• ‘cardiovascular disease’
• ‘schizophrenia’
• ‘forensic psychiatry’

Disclosure statement

There were no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Funding

This research was undertaken as part of a fellowship grant from the Health Education and Training Institute (HETI) and Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship at the University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.