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Articles

The Importance of Teachers’ Mathematical Awareness for In-the-Moment Pedagogy

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Pages 182-197 | Published online: 31 May 2013
 

Abstract

We propose that what teachers can say or write about their views of mathematics and about a range of pedagogic strategies and didactic tactics that they use is of minor importance compared to what comes to mind moment by moment when they are planning or leading a lesson. Beginning with a quote from a teacher that provoked a focus on the role and nature of in-the-moment choices made in the midst of teaching, we offer some comments provoked in us. Following a concise history of attempts to articulate ‘mathematics needed for teaching’, three further brief accounts of incidents led us to propose that what really matters, in the words of Heidegger and others, is one’s ‘mathematical being’, because it orients awareness and is the source and basis for choices, whether consciously or unconsciously made. The development of mathematical being is described using the discourse of awareness in the sense of Gattegno, making use of the discipline of noticing to educate awareness. These are then used to extend the analysis of prepositional suffixes for the gerund knowing begun by Ryle in order to focus on the development of ‘connective tissue’ between mathematical awareness and in-the-moment pedagogical choices of actions.

Résumé

À notre avis, ce que les enseignants peuvent dire ou écrire sur ce qu’ils pensent de certaines questions mathématiques et des différentes stratégies pédagogiques et didactiques qu’ils utilisent, a peu d’importance comparativement à ce qui leur vient à l’esprit sur le moment lorsqu’ils planifient ou lorsqu’ils donnent un cours. Partant du commentaire d’un enseignant qui nous a conduits à centrer notre attention sur le rôle et la nature des choix faits sur le moment pendant les cours, nous présentons nos propres commentaires. Après un bref compte rendu des tentatives précédentes d’expliciter « les connaissances mathématiques nécessaires pour enseigner », trois autres brefs comptes rendus d’incidents nous ont conduits à l’hypothèse suivante : ce qui compte réellement, comme le dit entre autres Heidegger, c’est « l’être mathématique », car il oriente la prise de conscience et est à la base des choix qui sont faits, qu’il s’agisse de choix conscients ou inconscients. Le développement de « l’être mathématique » est décrit en termes de prise de conscience au sens où l’utilise Gattegno, c’est-à-dire qu’il consiste à remarquer pour former la conscience. Suivant Ryle, nous procédons ensuite à une analyse des suffixes prépositionnels associés au gérondif « connaissant » pour tenter de mieux définir le développement des « tissus conjonctifs » qui lient la conscience mathématique et les choix pédagogiques spontanés.

Notes

MKT is perhaps the most prominent and the most generic of the many acronyms used in the current research literature to refer to teachers’ disciplinary knowledge of mathematics. Others include MfT and M4T (mathematics-for-teaching), LMT (learning mathematics for teaching), and KQ (knowledge quartet), each of which is used by researchers to signal emphasis on one or another aspect of teacher knowledge.

Ball and colleagues (e.g., Ball, Thames, & Phelps, Citation2008) identified several subcomponents to teachers’ disciplinary knowledge of mathematics, distinguishing among, for example, “specialized content knowledge” and “pedagogical content knowledge.” We use the term specialized mathematics to encompass all components of disciplinary knowledge pertaining to teaching, acknowledging that much of the subtlety of their distinctions is omitted here. Our point is simply that a critical evolution in the field was the recognition that teaching entails a specialized disciplinary knowledge that is distinct from what might be gleaned from more advanced study.

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