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Original Articles

Working for a dream and living for the future: Leisure constraints and negotiation strategies among Chinese international graduate students

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Pages 105-132 | Published online: 21 Nov 2010
 

Abstract

The goal of this study was to investigate the meanings behind leisure constraints experienced by Chinese international graduate students and the negotiation efforts that they had adopted. The study was based on 16 semi‐structured conversational interviews with Chinese graduate students attending the University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign in the academic year of 2003/2004. The constraints negotiation framework proposed by Jackson et al. (1993) was employed in this study to analyze negotiation of constraints in leisure and non‐leisure aspects of life and on behavioural and cognitive levels. The interviews revealed that participants experienced a number of constraints on leisure, including lack of time, language barrier and cultural differences, lack of friends, and feelings of lack of entitlement to leisure. Their constraints negotiation strategies were mostly of cognitive nature and involved devaluing the importance of leisure and, at the same time, highlighting the importance of work and study, seeking positive aspects of life, as well as framing their situation as temporary and focusing on the future. Their behavioural strategies involved mainly leisure aspects of life and included substituting recreation activities, using various time management strategies, learning English, maintaining long‐distance relationship with home communities, and pursuing mainly Chinese pastimes within the confines of then‐ ethnic community on campus.

Résumé

Baser sur 16 entrevues avec des étudiants Chinois internationaux, de troisième cycle en étude a l'université de l'Illinois à Urbana‐Champagne durant l'année scolaire de 2003/2004. L'étude porte sur la question des contraintes aux loisirs et leurs négociations par ces étudiants. Le cadre théorique des contraintes des loisirs proposés par Jackson et autres (1993) nous aides à analyser la négociation des contraintes aux loisirs dans les aspects de loisir et de non loisir, et aux niveaux des comportementaux et du cognitif. Les 16 entrevues indiquent que les participants éprouvent un certain nombre de contraintes en loisir, y compris un manque de temps, barrière linguistique et différences culturelles, manque d'amis, et sentiment d'exclusion aux loisirs. Pour la plupart de ces participants leurs stratégies de négociation de contraintes des loisirs étaient de nature cognitive, ce qui veut dire qu'ils dévaluent l'importance des loisirs et en même temps redouble l'importance du travail et les études. D'autres participants ont remarqué que c'est situations sont provisoire, et il faut donc se concentrer sur le futur. Le remplacement des activités de récréation par d'autres activités, l'utilisation de diverses stratégies de gestion du temps, l'apprentissage de la langue anglais, lé maintien des rapports familiaux démontre des négociations comportementales aux contraintes des loisirs par les étudiants chinois.

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