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Original Article

Changes in hearing in 80-year-old people: a 10-year follow-up study

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Pages 126-135 | Published online: 07 Jul 2009
 

Abstract

The aims of this prospective 10-year longitudinal populationstudy were to report changes in hearing in peopleaged 80 years at baseline, and to assess such changes bycomparing results from both cross-sectional and longitudinalanalyses. The study population comprised all residentsof the city of Jyväskylä born in 1910 (n=291). The subjects' hearing was tested on three occasions at 5-yearintervals with the use of pure-tone audiometry, speechaudiometry, and self-report on hearing difficulties. Theresults showed a significant deterioration in hearing sensitivityin both the longitudinal and cross-sectionalassessments over the 10-year follow-up. However, thechange in self-assessed hearing difficulties was not signifi-cant. Hearing aids were not used by over 75% of thosewho had moderate hearing impairment. Self-assessedhearing difficulties at baseline were associated withincreased mortality. Hearing deterioration in elderly peopleand their low level of use of hearing aids deservecloser attention in the healthcare system.

Sumario

El propósito de este estudio poblacional, longitudinal,prospectivo, a 10 años, fue reportar los cambios en laaudición de una población de sujetos con 80 años en elmomento inicial, y evaluar tales cambios comparando losresultados por medio de un análisis transversal y longitudinal.El estudio poblacional involucró a todos los habitantesde la ciudad de Jyvãskylã, nacidos en 1910(n=291). La audición de los sujetos fue evaluada en tresocasiones con intervalos de 5 años, por medio del uso de audiometría tonal, logoaudiometríay de auto-reportesde dificultad auditiva. Los resultados demostraron undeterioro significativo en la sensibilidad auditiva tanto enlas evaluaciones longitudinales como en las transversalesdurante el seguimiento a 10 años. Sin embargo, el cambioen la apreciación auto-reportada sobre la dificultad auditivano fue significativo. Más del 75% de aquellos quetenían una hipoacusia moderada no utilizaban auxiliaresauditivos. Las dificultades auditivas auto-reportadas en elmomento inicial se asociaron con un incremento en lamortalidad. El deterioro de la audición en los ancianos ysu bajo nivel de utilización de auxiliares auditivos mereceuna mayor atención por parte del sistema de salud.

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