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Original Articles

Effects of chronic and acute smoking on AMLRs in older and younger listeners

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Pages 715-723 | Received 25 Jul 2007, Published online: 07 Jul 2009
 

Abstract

Chronic and acute smoking effects on the auditory middle latency response (AMLR) were studied in older (55–81 years) and younger (19–30 years) normal-hearing listeners. Forty healthy participants were selected for one of four groups: older smokers, older nonsmokers, younger smokers, or younger nonsmokers. Biochemical urine analyses confirmed participant categorization as smoker or nonsmoker. Click-evoked AMLRs were acquired once from nonsmokers and twice (chronic condition, acute condition) from smokers. Waveform latency (V, Na, Pa) and relative amplitude (V-Na, Na-Pa) were examined with two independent variables (age, smoking) using MANOVA. Results (n=40) revealed no chronic effect of smoking in the AMLR from smokers compared to nonsmokers. However, in both older and younger smokers (n=20), Na-Pa amplitude was significantly larger in the acute compared to the chronic smoking condition, indicating an acute smoking effect. There was no interaction of smoking and aging. This is a first study describing long-term, chronic and acute smoking effects on AMLRs in older compared to younger listeners. Results suggest that cigarette smoking is an important variable for AMLR research and clinical practice.

Abbreviations
AMLR=

Auditory middle latency response

CNS=

Central nervous system

FTND=

Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence

Abbreviations
AMLR=

Auditory middle latency response

CNS=

Central nervous system

FTND=

Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence

Sumario

Se estudiaron los efectos agudos y crónicos del tabaquismo en las respuestas auditivas de latencia media (AMLR) en normo-oyentes mayores (55–81 años) y jóvenes (19–30). Se seleccionaron 40 participantes sanos para uno de cuatro grupos: fumadores mayores, mayores no fumadores, fumadores jóvenes y no fumadores jóvenes. El análisis bioquímico de la orina confirmó la categorización de los participantes como fumadores o no fumadores. Se obtuvieron AMLR evocados por click una vez en los no fumadores y dos en los fumadores (condición aguda o crónica). Se examinaron las latencias de las ondas (V, Na, PA) y la amplitud relativa (V-Na, NA-PA) con dos variables independientes (edad, tabaquismo) usando MANOVA. Los resultados (n=40) no revelaron efecto crónico del tabaquismo en las AMLR de los fumadores comparados con los no fumadores. No obstante, tanto en fumadores mayores o jóvenes (n=20), la amplitud Na-PA fue significativamente mayor en la condición de tabaquismo agudo comparado con el crónico, indicando un efecto agudo del tabaquismo. No hubo interacción entre tabaquismo y edad. Este es un primer estudio que describe los efectos de largo plazo, crónicos y agudos del tabaquismo en los AMLR, comparando oyentes mayores y jóvenes. Los resultados sugieren que fumar cigarrillos es una variable importante en la investigación de los AMLR y en la práctica clínica.

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