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Original Articles

The Bone-Anchored Hearing Aid for children: Recent developments

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Pages 554-559 | Received 24 Apr 2008, Published online: 07 Jul 2009
 

Abstract

In 1984 the Bone-Anchored Hearing Aid, or BAHA, system was introduced. Its transducer is coupled directly to the skull percutaneously to form a highly effective bone-conduction hearing device. Clinical studies on adults with conductive hearing loss have shown that the BAHA system outperforms conventional bone-conduction hearing aids. Therefore, the next step was to apply the BAHA system in children with congenital or acquired conductive hearing loss. Reviewed data showed that, on average, such children benefited significantly more from the BAHA than from reconstructive surgery. Thus, BAHA application appears to be the best option to achieve normal communication and speech and language development in children with bilateral conductive hearing loss. However, in children under the age of three to four years, a conventional solution must be applied, e.g. a bone conductor with a transcutaneous coupling, because they are too young to undergo BAHA implant surgery. In the case of unilateral congenital conductive hearing loss, there is no convincing evidence in the clinical literature for early intervention.

In summary, the BAHA system can be considered a new, indispensable tool for children with bilateral conductive hearing loss.

Sumario

En 1984 se presentó por primera vez el sistema del auxiliar auditivo osteo-integrado o BAHA. Su transductor se acopla directamente al cráneo percutáneamente para formar un instrumento auditivo de conducción ósea altamente efectivo. Los estudios clínicos en adultos con hipoacusias conductivas han mostrado que el sistema BAHA supera a los auxiliares de conducción ósea convencionales. Por eso, el siguiente paso fue aplicar el sistema BAHA a niños con hipoacusias congénitas o adquiridas. Los datos revisados muestran que, en promedio, estos niños se benefician significativamente más con el BAHA que con cirugía reconstructiva. Así, la aplicación del BAHA parece ser la mejor opción para lograr comunicación normal y desarrollo del habla y del lenguaje en niños con hipoacusias bilaterales conductivas. No obstante, en niños menores de tres o cuatro años, debe usarse una solución convencional, es decir, un conductor óseo con acoplamiento transcutáneo, porque esos niños son muy pequeños para realizarles cirugía de implantación de BAHA. En el caso de hipoacusia conductiva congénita unilateral, no hay evidencias convincentes en la literatura clínica para intervenciones tempranas. En resumen, el sistema BAHA puede considerarse como un instrumento nuevo indispensable para niños con pérdidas auditivas conductivas bilaterales.

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