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Original Articles

Amalgam dental fillings and hearing loss

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Pages 770-776 | Received 05 Feb 2008, Published online: 07 Jul 2009
 

Abstract

In this study we investigated the effects of amalgam dental fillings on auditory thresholds. Participants (n=39) were non-smoking women age 40 to 45. Regression and correlation analyses were performed between auditory thresholds, measured from 0.25 to 16 kHz, and the number/surface area of dental fillings, using the ASHA criteria for ototoxic change as a reference for comparison. No significant correlation (p>0.05) was found between composite (non-amalgam) filling or drilling data and auditory thresholds. However, there was a significant positive linear correlation between amalgam filling data and auditory thresholds at 8, 11.2, 12.5, 14, and 16 kHz. The strongest association (r=0.587, n=39, p<.001, r2=0.345) was at 14 kHz, where each additional amalgam filling was associated with a 2.4 dB decline in hearing threshold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3–3.5 dB). The results suggest an association between more amalgam fillings and poorer thresholds at higher frequencies, which could contribute to presbyacusis in developed countries. This provides further argument for the use of amalgams to be phased out where suitable alternatives exist.

Abbreviations
ASHA=

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association

Abbreviations
ASHA=

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association

Sumario

En este estudio investigamos los efectos de los empastes dentales de amalgama en los umbrales auditivos. Los participantes (n=39) fueron mujeres no fumadores con edades de 40–45 años. Se realizaron análisis de regresión y correlación entre los umbrales auditivos medidos de 0.25 a 16 kHz y el número/superficie de los empastes dentales, usando el criterio ASHA para cambios ototóxicos como referencia para la comparación. No se encontró correlación significativa (p>0.05) entre el empaste con compuesto (no amalgama) o los datos de fresado y los umbrales auditivos. No obstante, si hubo una correlación linear significativa positiva entre los datos del llenado con amalgama y los umbrales auditivos en 8,11.2, 12.5, 14 y 16 kHz. La asociación más intensa (r=0.587, n=39, p<.001, r2=0.345) se observó en 14 kHz, mientras que cada llenado adicional de amalgama se asoció con una declinación de 2.4 dB en el umbral auditivo (95% de intervalo de confianza [C1], 1.3-3.5 dB). Los resultados sugieren una asociación entre más llenados con amalgama y umbrales más pobres en las frecuencias altas, lo que contribuye a la presbiacusia en los países desarrollados. Esto proporciona un argumento adicional para que el uso de amalgamas se escalone cuando existan otras alternativas apropiadas.

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