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Articles

Sexual References and Consequences for Heterosexual, Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Characters on Television: A Comparison Content Analysis

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Abstract

A content analysis was conducted to examine sexual references and consequences among lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB), and heterosexual characters on television. The sample was composed of programs portraying an LGB lead or reoccurring character. Results showed that heterosexual and LGB characters engaged in sexual talk and behavior in similar contexts. When discussing LGB sexualities, however, heterosexual characters were disproportionately likely to make jokes; LGB characters were disproportionately likely to discuss coming out. LGB characters depicted in sexual references were more likely to be in dialogue with a heterosexual character than another LGB character. Sexual consequences were more common for heterosexual characters than LGB characters. No gender differences existed in frequency of sexual references or consequences among LGB characters, evidence that the sexual double standard found in previous research may not apply to LGB characters. Results are discussed in terms of potential effects of exposure.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Bradley James Bond

Bradley James Bond (Ph.D., University of Illinois, 2011) is an associate professor in the Department of Communication Studies at the University of San Diego. His research interests include parasocial relationships and media effects related to sex and sexuality.

Brandon Miller

Brandon Miller (Ph.D., University of Missouri, 2016) is an assistant professor in the Department of Communication at the University of Massachusetts Boston. His research interests include the use and effects of  mass and interactive media among LGBTQ individuals and mainstream audiences.

Jennifer Stevens Aubrey

Jennifer Stevens Aubrey (Ph.D., University of Michigan, 2004) is an associate professor in the Department of Communication at the University of Arizona. Her research interests include media effects on young people's sexual socialization and body image.

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