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Abstract
Based on submarine topographic surveys and the compilation of sounding charts, some topographic characteristics of trenches are described. Especially the Japan Trench and the Nankai Trough of a structural trench are summarized as representative of trenches along the island arcs in the adjacent seas of Japan. The Japan Trench is probably a typical one in the trenches in the Northwest Pacific. On the other hand, the Nankai Trough does not show the shape of a trench topographically. In addition there are some differences in topographic features when compared with the other trenches in adjacent seas of Japan. It appears that the different features between the Japan Trench and the Nankai Trough relate to the difference of tectonic movement, reflected by seismic activity and focal mechanism in Northeast and Southwest Japan.