Phytoextraction of cadmium-contaminated soils: comparison of plant species and low molecular weight organic acids

Guo YuCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; ;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; ;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; View further author information

Jie LiuCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; ;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; Correspondence[email protected]
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Yumei LongCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; View further author information

Zhe ChenCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; ;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; View further author information

Geoffrey I. SunaharaDepartment of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaView further author information

Pingping JiangCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; ;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; View further author information

Shaohong YouCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; ;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; ;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; View further author information

Hua LinCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; ;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; ;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; View further author information

He XiaoCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; ;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; View further author information

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Abstract

To select suitable plants for phytoextraction of Cd-contaminated soils, we evaluated the phytoextraction potential of five local Cd-accumulators: Amaranthus hypochondriacus L., Solanum nigrum L., Phytolacca acinosa Roxb., Celosia argentea L., and Sedum spectabile Boreau. The plants were grown in three naturally contaminated soils with different total Cd levels (1.57, 3.89, and 22.4 mg kg⁻¹). Throughout the experimental period, no plants showed any visible symptoms of metal toxicity. The Cd uptake of C. argentea was the greatest in the S-YS soil (105 μg plant⁻¹) and among the greatest in the S-HC soil and S-TJ soil. Besides, C. argentea exhibited the highest bioconcentration factor (12.3) in three soils. To improve the phytoextraction efficiency of C. argentea, we applied four low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs): tartaric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, and citric acid. Malic acid was more effective in enhancing Cd uptake by C. argentea than the other LMWOAs. Therefore, C. argentea may be a potential choice in actual remediation projects. Moreover, application of malic acid is an effective way to increase the phytoextraction efficiency of C. argentea.

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Funding

This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation of China (41867022; 51638006), the National Key Research and Development Project of China [2018YFD0800704], the Guangxi Science and Technology Major Project [GuiKe-AA 17204047 and GuiKe-AD 18126018], the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi [2018GXNSFAA138202], the Special Foundation for “Ten, Hundred and Thousand Talents Project” of Guangxi Province of China [2016207], Program for High Level Innovation Team and Outstanding Scholar of Universities in Guangxi [GuiCaiJiaoHan[2018]319], and Basic Ability Improvement Project for Young and Middle-Aged Teachers in Guangxi [2019KY0295].

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Phytoextraction of cadmium-contaminated soils: comparison of plant species and low molecular weight organic acids

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Phytoextraction of cadmium-contaminated soils: comparison of plant species and low molecular weight organic acids

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