Exogenous acetone O-(2-naphthylsulfonyl)oxime improves the adverse effects of excess copper by copper detoxification systems in maize

Abstract

The current study is to elucidate the responses of maize seedlings to excess copper and acetone O-(2-naphthylsulfonyl)oxime (NS) pretreatment. The study was divided into the following experimental groups: 18 h distilled water (DW) control (C), 6 h 0.3 mM NS + then 12 h DW (NS), 6 h DW + then 12 h 1 mM CuSO₄.5H₂O (CuS), 0.3 mM NS for 6 h + then 1 mM CuSO₄.5H₂O (NS + CuS) for 12 h. When the NS + CuS group is compared with the CuS group; It accumulated 10% more copper, while the ABA, H₂O₂, MDA, and carotenoid contents decreased significantly, the total chlorophyll, proline, gallic acid, ascorbic acid, catechol, trans-P-qumaric acid, and cinnamic acid contents increased. While SOD activity, which is one of the antioxidant system enzymes, decreased with NS application, GPX, CAT, and APX activities increased despite copper stress. When all the findings are evaluated as a whole, exogenous NS, despite excessive copper, ameliorated the adverse effects of copper stress by increasing the effectiveness of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of the antioxidant system and the contents of phenolic substances. In addition, increasing the copper content by 10% reveals its importance in terms of NS phytoremediation.

Abbreviation: Style-sheet: When full form and abbreviated form both are used as keywords, retain both as provided by the author

NOVELTY STATEMENT

• Considering the potential of NS in terms of phytoremediation and phytomining, it was determined that approximately 10% more copper was accumulated.

• Exogenous acetone O-(2-naphthylsulfonyl)oxime (NS), a synthetic sulfonate derivative oxime, to maize seedlings under copper stress increased the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of the antioxidant defense system.

• By increasing the content of phenolic compounds known for their electron-donating properties, NS supported the antioxidant defense system and contributed to the scavenging of radicals.

Keywords:

• Heavy Metal Stress
• phenolic substances
• sulfonate derivative
• Zea mays

Acknowledgements

Thanks to PhD Adem KORKMAZ, who synthesized the NS compound, and Sakarya Maize Research Institute, Turkey, that supplied the maize seeds, cultivar ADA-523.