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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the most important physiological and biological effects of green synthesis ZnO nanoparticles at a size of 65 nm, biostimulant (Folcare) and interaction biostimulant ZnO NPs on plant growth and metabolism. As our understanding of biostimulants’ preventive and restorative modes of action has increased, it is critical to maintain the best crop output and quality possible. The reduction of fertilizers must be substituted by strategies that improve the nutrients uptake or their utilization by the plants. New processing methods are required as an efficient green process or an integrated (hybrid) process for different new technologies of interest. The effects of NPs, biostimulant, and combination ZnO NPs biostimulant on plant cell metabolism were examined in cytosol, chloroplast, and mitochondria of cells from the stems, roots, and leaves. The interaction NPs/biostimulant had a beneficial effect on the morphological and physiological indicators of plant health than when nanoparticles and biostimulant are applied separately. Folcare biostimulant coupled with zinc oxide nanoparticles improved pea crops growth. The improved of the quality of pea plants can be explained at least, in part, by increase in antioxidant activities during plant growth phenophase.
NOVELTY STATEMENT
1. Highlighting the environmental effect the risk management of biostimulants based on ZnO bionanoparticles on the growth of pea
- Identification of specific responses of plants to nano stresses:
Analyzes of metabolites
Antioxidants enzymes
2. Folcare coupled with zinc oxide bionanoparticles has a significant favorable influence on environmental conservation management by assisting plants in more effectively using nutrients.
Acknowledgements
Authors would like to thank the Deanship of Scientific Research at Shaqra University for supporting this work.
Authors’ contributions
All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by [Takwa Missaoui], [Moez Smiri], [Hajer Chemingui] and [Noureddine Elboughdiri]. The first draft of the manuscript was written by [Takwa Missaoui] and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Conceptualization: [Moez Smiri]; Methodology: [Takwa Missaoui]; Formal analysis and investigation: [Takwa Missaoui], [Moez Smiri]; Writing - original draft preparation: [Takwa Missaoui], [Moez Smiri]; Writing-review and editing: [Noureddine Elboughdiri, Sanad M. Al Sobeai]; Funding acquisition: [Takwa Missaoui]; Supervision: [Moez Smiri].
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Data availability
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.