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Acknowledgement
We would like to thank the independent reviewers for their valuable feedback on this introductory chapter.
Funding
The development of the special issue concept and the organization for this special issue were undertaken as part of the CORPUS project which was funded by the European Commission under the 7th Framework Program for Research, project number 244103.
Notes
1. Calculation based on Eurostat SBS data bank (data from 2007) encompassing the following sectors: Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers, and semi-trailers; manufacture of other transport equipment; sale, maintenance, and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; retail sale of automotive fuel, land transport, and transport via pipelines; water transport; air transport; and supporting and auxiliary transport activities and activities of travel agencies.
2. The distinction between potential and revealed measures of mobility is parallel to the difference between having rights and exercising them.
3. A note on terminology: in the literature on transport and sustainable development, the terms sustainable mobility, sustainable transport, sustainable transportation, and sustainable transport systems are often used synonymously (Holden, Citation2007). ‘Sustainable transport’ seems to be the preferred term in North America, whereas ‘sustainable mobility’ is preferred in Europe (Black, Citation2003).
4. I = P * A * T. Human Impact (I) on the environment equals the product of P = Population, A = Affluence, T = Technology. ASIF: CO2 = Activity * Structure * Intensity * Fuels. ASI – Avoid, shift, improve. SMART: SM = g (A,R,T), where SM is the sustainable mobility, A is the changing transport patterns and public transport use, R is the reducing growth in transport, and T is the increasing pace of technological change. STPM index: based on the difference between the level of sustainable mobility and the level of potential mobility, standardized by population size and units of measurement.
5. While travel by plane is also a collective form of transport, its high energy consumption per passenger kilometre is comparable to travel by car.
6. CORPUS is the acronym of the project title ‘Enhancing Connectivity Between Research and Policymaking in Sustainable Consumption'. CORPUS had the project number 244103 in FP7 and ran from 2010 to 2012.