https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1433-4477
![Sample our Environment & Sustainability journals, sign in here to start your access, latest two full volumes FREE to you for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5935/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Environment-Sustainability.jpg"})
ABSTRACT
This paper looks at the institutional emergence, particularly space rights, within the culture of the Peruvian bay scallop (Argopecten purpuratus) in Sechura Bay. The institutional system developed within a period of 20 years from an open-access, gold rush scenario to a rather structured, formal activity – however, still relies on a lot of informality. This work uses the matrix provided by the material dependency framework presented in this special issue distinguishing between nature, human and hybrid-made materialities that influence the emergence of institutional structures, on the one axis and path-, inter- and goal dependencies on the other axis. In this work, we argue that existing natural (high environmental risks associated with scallop culture in this setting), hybrid (need to process quickly) and human-made (export-oriented production) materialities have shaped different path dependencies in institutional development in favour of larger firms who gradually took over the control of scallop production from small-scale producers, who in turn became piece wage labourers. Yet, the realities of both actors are necessarily intertwined, with informal loop holes being intentionally left open, shaping different institutional solutions over time. Applying the material dependency framework shows how materialities and goal dependencies are intertwined in this particular case of scallop bottom aquaculture.
Acknowledgements
All authors would like to express their deepest gratitude to all people who have taken their time to talk with us in relation to this research.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Notes
1 Available at http://www2.produce.gob.pe/RepositorioAPS/1/jer/PROPESCA_OTRO/marco-legal/1.2.%20Ley%20Acuacultura%20l27460.pdf
2 Available at http://www2.produce.gob.pe/RepositorioAPS/3/jer/VUANORMA/D.S.%20N%C2%BA%20030-2001-PESQUERIA.pdf
3 Available at http://www2.produce.gob.pe/dispositivos/publicaciones/2006/abril/rm102-2006-produce.pdf
4 Available at http://www2.produce.gob.pe/dispositivos/publicaciones/2006/agosto/rm204-2006-produce.pdf
5 Available at http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/per67134.pdf
6 Available at http://www2.produce.gob.pe/dispositivos/publicaciones/2009/mayo/ds016-2009-produce-reglamento.pdf
7 Available at http://www.sanipes.gob.pe/archivos/biblioteca/N_8_DL_1195_Ley_General_de_Acuicultura.pdf
10 Available at https://cdn.www.gob.pe/uploads/document/file/310259/Resoluci%C3%B3n_Ministerial_N__157-2019-PRODUCE20190425-8900-1p7z9mz.pdf
Additional information
Funding
Notes on contributors
Lotta Clara Kluger
Lotta Kluger Since January 2021, Lotta C. Kluger leads the research theme ‘Marine Food Security’ at the Center for Ocean and Society. After studying biology, Lotta C. Kluger complemented her profile with an interdisciplinary master's degree in tropical marine ecology (MSc International Studies in Tropical Marine Ecology) at the University of Bremen. In 2016, she completed her doctorate at the Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT) Bremen and University of Bremen working on the social-ecological sustainability of aquaculture, taking as a case study the Peruvian bay scallop. This was followed by several years of postdoctoral research at the ZMT and the artec Sustainability Research Center (University of Bremen), where she expanded her research on understanding social-ecological dynamics of marine food production (small-scale fisheries, aquaculture). Since 2010, Lotta C. Kluger has carried out field research in Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, and Panama, and she further collaborates on projects in Indonesia, Ghana, and Mexico.
Achim Schlüter
Achim Schlüter Achim Schlüter is an institutional economist focussing on institutional change in the marine environment. He is particularly interested in issues about the blue economy and changes in property rights to marine resources. As he is working at the Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT, Bremen Germany) his main focus is on tropical regions. At ZMT he is leading the working group of institutional and behavioural economics and is currently the social science department leader. He holds a professorship of social systems and ecological economics at Jacobs University, Bremen.
Maria Garteizgogeascoa
María Garteizgogeascoa is an environmental scientist currently writing her PhD in the University of Bremen on the topic of social change, with a special focus on gender, in relation to ocean crisis and mariculture development through a feminist political ecology lens. She is currently working in the German-Peruvian project “Social-Ecological Tipping Points of the Northern Humboldt Current Upwelling System, Economic Repercussions and Governance Strategies” (https://humboldt-tipping.org/en).
Gerardo Damonte
Gerardo Damonte Valencia holds a PhD in anthropology from Cornell University. He is a Professor of the Department of Social Sciences at Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP). He is also a Senior Researcher at the Analysis Group for Development (GRADE). Currently he is the Director (PUCP) of trAndeS-Postgraduate Program on Social Inequalities and Sustainable Development in the Andean and has been a visiting professor at the Free University of Berlin and visiting researcher at the Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut. His research addresses socio environmental issues in Latin America, particularly the social dynamics linked to global extractive developments. Gerardo has published his work in several journal articles and book chapters.