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Abstract
A pharmacokinetic analysis of lead absorption, distribution, and elimination was conducted in rats maintained on calcium‐deficient, control, and calcium‐supplemented diets. Dietary calcium affected lead disposition in a number of ways. Systemic lead clearance after a 10‐mg/kg intracardiac lead dose was approximately 25% lower than control in rats administered dietary calcium supplements. Intestinal absorption of 10 mg/kg po lead doses was not affected by the calcium supplements. In rats maintained on a calcium‐deficient diet, systemic lead clearance was estimated to be 40% less than control. The apparent volume of lead distribution was increased. The apparent systemic availability of 1‐, 10‐, and 100‐mg/kg oral lead doses was three‐ to fourfold greater than control in calcium‐deficient rats. The percentage absorption was dose‐dependent in control and calcium‐deficient rats. The observed changes in lead absorption and systemic clearance associated with the calcium‐deficient diet represent synergistic effects that could elevate blood lead accumulation and thus potentially Influence susceptibility to lead toxicity.
