Load Frequency Control of Hydro-Hydro Power System using Fuzzy-PSO-PID with Application of UC and RFB

Abstract

Load frequency control (LFC) plays a crucial rule in matching the power generation with variable power demand, and hence, maintains the system frequency and tie-line power to its esteemed value. Further, most of the countries are dependent on thermal power plants to meet the electrical energy requirement, and hence, LFC strategies are available for these types of power plants only. As the world is moving to generate electrical energy via cleaner sources to reduce harmful environmental pollutants, and hence, hydro power are one of the well-developed and cleanest sources of electrical energy. Subsequently, this article shows up a novel LFC design for hydro-hydro system based on joint endeavors of fuzzy logic with PID viably optimized through particle swarm optimization (PSO) coming into a new and robust Fuzzy-PSO-PID for LFC. At to beginning with, the result of Fuzzy-PSO-PID is evaluated for step load alteration, and the outcomes of Fuzzy-PSO-PID are matched with recently published outcomes of LFC with regards to values of PID, error minimization, and graphical results. In any case, still, there may be a scope of LFC upgrade in Fuzzy-PSO-PID due to higher responding time of turbines used in hydro-hydro plants and subsequently, the combinations of storage devices such as ultra-capacitor (UC) in each zone and UC with redox flow battery combination are used to improve the LFC and the application outcomes are analyzed again and uncover considering the step load alteration, non-linearity, load pattern, and parametric modification to see the benefits of the proposed work for hydro-hydro LFC.

Keywords:

• load frequency control
• particle swarm optimization
• hydro power plant
• ultra-capacitor
• redox flow battery

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Milan Joshi

Milan Joshi has completed his B. Tech in Electrical Engineering from Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India in 2018 and Master of Engineering (Research) from Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Durban University of Technology, Durban South Africa in 2021. He is presently working towards his PhD from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA. His research interest includes electrical vehicle charging, power system control, machine learning optimization and smart grid.

Gulshan Sharma

Gulshan Sharma is presently working as Senior Lecturer in the Department of Electrical Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa. He has the qualifications of B. Tech, M. Tech and Ph.D. He was a post-doctoral research fellow at Faculty of EBIT, University of Pretoria, South Africa from 2015 to 2016. He is a Y rated researcher from National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa. He is working as Academic Editor of International Transactions on Electrical Energy System Journal & Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hindawi. He has published more than 100 research papers in international journals & conferences and has been continuously engaged in guiding research activities at graduate/post-graduate and Ph.D. levels. His area of interest includes power system operation and control, renewable power generation, FACTS and application of AI techniques to power systems.

Emre Çelik

Emre Çelik was born in Düzce, Turkey in 1987. He received the Ph.D. degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from Gazi University in 2016. He has working as an Associate Professor at Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty of Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey since 2019. His research area covers electric machinery and drives, control systems design, artificial intelligent and power systems.