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Research Article

Applying the Culture-Centered Approach to visual storytelling methods

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Pages 33-43 | Received 05 Nov 2019, Accepted 23 Jun 2020, Published online: 25 Apr 2021
 

ABSTRACT

Visual and digital storytelling methods can reposition research participants as coproducers of knowledge, foster engagement and collaboration with marginalized peoples, and offer greater depth of self-expression. However, these methods are constituted in complex terrains of power. Without continual attenuation to power imbalances, the methods will contribute to the silencing and erasure of marginalized communities. This study outlines how reflexivity as a methodological tool and part of the Cultured-Centered Approach can enable the interrogation of terrains of power, allowing for the continual opening of democratic possibilities and community ownership of visual and digital storytelling infrastructures. Excerpts from the “Poverty Is Not Our Future” campaign illustrate the argument. The campaign's cocreated audio-visual advertisements communicate everyday stories of poverty among residents living in a poor suburban site in Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand, and serve as a visual narrative of resistance to dominant structures. This study contributes to critical theorizing of culture and communication and the coconstruction of visual stories.

Notes

1 Mohan J. Dutta, “Culture-Centered Approach in Addressing Health Disparities: Communication Infrastructures for Subaltern Voices,” Communication Methods and Measures 12, no. 4 (2018): 239–59.

2 Michele Jarldorn, Photovoice Handbook for Social Workers: Method, Practicalities and Possibilities for Social Change (Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019); Anna Grimshaw, The Ethnographer's Eye: Ways of Seeing in Anthropology (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001); Xanthe Glaw, Kerry Inder, Ashley Kable, and Michael Hazelton, “Visual Methodologies in Qualitative Research: Autophotography and Photo Elicitation Applied to Mental Health Research,” International Journal of Qualitative Methods 16, no. 1 (2017): 1–8.

3 Jarldorn, Photovoice Handbook for Social Workers. See also Caroline C. Wang, Wu Kun Yi, Zhan Wen Tao, and Kathryn Carovano, “Photovoice as a Participatory Health Promotion Strategy,” Health Promotion International 13, no. 1 (1998): 75–86.

4 Meredith Minkler, “Ethical Challenges for the ‘Outside’ Researcher in Community-Based Participatory Research,” Health Education & Behavior 31, no. 6 (2004): 684–97; Wang, Wu, Zhan, and Carovano, “Photovoice as a Participatory Health Promotion Strategy.”

5 Pierre Bourdieu, “Understanding,” Theory, Culture and Society 13, no. 2 (1996): 17–37.

6 See Mohan J. Dutta, Communicating Health: A Culture-Centered Approach (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2008).

7 Audre Lorde, Sister Outsider: Essays and Speeches (Trumansburg, NY: Crossing Press, 1984), 37.

8 John Berger, Ways of Seeing (New York: Penguin, 2008), 1.

9 Dwight Conquergood, “Performance Studies: Interventions and Radical Research,” TDR: The Drama Review 46, no. 2 (2002): 145–56.

10 Susan Sontag, On Photography (New York: Doubleday, 1977).

11 Susan Sontag, Regarding the Pain of Others (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2003), 21.

12 Nick Lacey, Image and Representation: Key Concepts in Media Studies (New York: Palgrave, 1998).

13 Aline Gubrium and Krista Harper, Participatory Visual and Digital Methods (London: Routledge, 2016), 34.

14 Sarah Flicker et al., “The Impact of Indigenous Youth Sharing Digital Stories about HIV Activism,” Health Promotion Practice 21, no. 5 (2009): 802–10.

15 Nicole L. Thompson, Nicole C. Miller, and Ann F. Cameron, “The Indigenization of Photovoice Methodology: Visioning Indigenous Head Start in Michigan,” International Review of Qualitative Research 9, no. 3 (2016): 296. See also Caroline Wang and Mary Ann Burris, “Photovoice: Concept, Methodology, and Use for Participatory Needs Assessment,” Health, Education & Behavior 24, no. 3 (1997): 369–87.

16 Caricia E. C. V. Catalani et al., “Videovoice: Community Assessment in Post-Katrina New Orleans,” Health Promotion Practice 13, no. 1 (2012): 20.

17 Aline Gubrium, Alice Fiddian-Green, and Amy Hill, “Conflicting Aims and Minimizing Harm: Uncovering Experiences of Trauma in Digital Storytelling with Young Women,” in Ethics and Visual Research Methods: Theory, Methodology and Practice, ed. Deborah Warr, Marilys Guillemin, Susan Cox, and Jenny Waycott (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016), 157–70.

18 Rauna Kuokkanen, “Towards an ‘Indigenous Paradigm’: From a Sami Perspective,” The Canadian Journal of Native Studies 20, no. 2 (2000): 421.

19 Jenny Lee, “Decolonising Māori Narratives: Pūrākau as a Method,” MAI Review 2, no. 3 (2009): 79–91; Linda Tuhiwai Smith, Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples (London: Zed Books, 1999); Gubrium and Harper, Participatory Visual and Digital Methods.

20 Sarah Amira de la Garza, “Inila: An Account of Opening to Sacred Knowing,” in Silence, Feminism, Power: Reflections at the Edges of Sound, ed. Sheena Malhotra and Aimee Carrillo Rowe (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013), 110.

21 Dutta, Communicating Health.

22 Michael Marker, “Indigenous Voice, Community, and Epistemic Violence: The Ethnographer's ‘Interests’ and What ‘Interests’ the Ethnographer,” International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education 16, no. 3 (2003): 368.

23 D. Soyini Madison, Critical Ethnography: Method, Ethics, and Performance (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2005); “The Dialogic Performative in Critical Ethnography,” Text and Performance Quarterly 26, no. 4 (2006): 320–24.

24 K. Tsianina Lomawaima, “Tribal Sovereigns: Reframing Research in American Indian Education,” Harvard Educational Review 70, no. 1 (2000): 1–21; Smith, Decolonizing Methodologies; Charles L. Briggs and Clara Mantini-Briggs, Tell Me Why My Children Died: Rabies, Indigenous Knowledge, and Communicative Justice (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2016).

25 Mohan J. Dutta, “A Culture-Centered Approach to Listening: Voices of Social Change,” International Journal of Listening 28, no. 2 (2014): 67.

26 Sarah Amira de la Garza, “Challenges of De-/Pre-Colonial Ontologies,” Journal of Multicultural Discourses 13, no. 3 (2018): 226–31.

27 Mohan J. Dutta et al., “Critical Health Communication Method as Embodied Practice of Resistance: Culturally Centering Structural Transformation through Struggle for Voice,” Frontiers in Communication 4, Article 67 (2019): 1–14, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcomm.2019.00067/full.

28 Renee Gordon, Francis L. Collins, and Robin Kearns, “‘It Is the People that Have Made Glen Innes’: State-led Gentrification and the Reconfiguration of Urban Life in Auckland,” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 41, no. 5 (2017): 767–85.

29 Robin A. Kearns, Christopher J. Smith, and Max W. Abbott, “Another Day in Paradise? Life on the Margins in Urban New Zealand,” Social Science & Medicine 33, no. 4 (1991): 369–79; New Zealand Index of Deprivation, “NZDep2013 Census Area Unit Data,” accessed December 8, 2020, https://www.otago.ac.nz/wellington/otago069926.xls.

30 Statistics New Zealand, “Quick Stats about Ethnicity for Glen Innes West (2018 Census),” accessed February 2, 2021, https://www.stats.govt.nz/tools/2018-census-place-summaries/glen-innes-west#ethnicity-culture-and-identity; “Quick Stats about Ethnicity for Glen Innes East-Wai O Taiki Bay (2018 Census),” accessed February 2, 2021, https://www.stats.govt.nz/tools/2018-census-place-summaries/glen-innes-east-wai-o-taiki-bay#ethnicity-culture-and-identity.

31 Gubrium and Harper, Participatory Visual and Digital Methods.

32 Katharine Kelly and Tullio Caputo, Community: A Contemporary Analysis of Policies, Programs, and Practices (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2011), 93.

33 Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Death of a Discipline (New York: Columbia University Press, 2003), 50.

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