Abstract
Medical applications of microwaves (i.e., a possibility to use microwave energy and/or microwave technique and technology for therapeutic purposes) are a quite new and a very rapidly developing field. Microwave thermotherapy is being used in medicine for cancer treatment and treatment of other diseases since early 1980s. In this contribution, we offer a general overview of present activities in the Czech Republic, that is, clinical applications and results, technical aspects of thermo therapeutic equipment, and prospective diagnostics based on microwave principals ant technology and instrumentation.