Factors Influencing Cambodian Rice Exports: An Application of the Dynamic Panel Gravity Model

ABSTRACT

This study aims to identify the major factors influencing the Cambodian rice exports through an application of the dynamic gravity framework estimated by the Generalized Least Square (GLS), the Poisson Pseudo-Maximum-Likelihood (PPML), and the Heckman Sample Selection models, based on a period of 22-year panel data (1995–2016) and a total of 40 selected importing partners. The results show that the historical ties, the policy of exchange rate and the agricultural land reform promote the rice exports; the expansion of the exports to the trading partners, especially the EU, China and the ASEAN countries are particularly highlighted. As a macroeconomic issue and resistance factor, the economic recession, impeding the exports flows, would require further special attentions.

KEY WORDS:

• Cambodian rice exports
• dynamic gravity model
• economic recession
• Heckman selection model
• Poisson Pseudo-Maximum-Likelihood (PPML)
• the ‘Belt & Road’ Initiative (BRI)

JEL:

• F14
• F17
• C23

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the anonymous reviewers and the Editor-in-Chief for their constructive comments on the earlier draft of the paper.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Supplementary Material

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed here.

Additional information

Funding

This study was a part of the project “Study on the mechanism of farmer’s green production guided by geographical indications (18XJY007)” funded by the National Social Science Foundation of China and the Northwest A&F University of China.