Synthesis, structure, optical properties and Hirshfeld surface analysis of bis(azepanium) hexachlorostannate(IV)

Abstract

The organic-inorganic hybrid material bis(azepanium) hexachlorostannate(IV) (BAHCS) has been synthesized from azepanium chloride at room temperature. The hybrid was characterized by IR, TG-DTA, UV-DRS and PL spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure of the compound exhibited extensive hydrogen-bonding interactions among azepanium cation and SnCl₆^2- anion. BVS of tin in BAHCS was calculated based on Sn-Cl bond distances obtained from X-ray structural analysis as 4.00, which is a formal oxidation state of 4+. This is the first report which established the formal oxidation state of tin in a hybrid material. The thermal analysis confirms the proposed formula of the compound.

Keywords:

• Azepanium cation
• hydrogen bond
• bond valence sum
• thermal pattern
• Hirshfeld surface

Acknowledgment

The authors thank DST PURSE Phase-II, Annamalai University for providing the single-crystal XRD facility.