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ABSTRACT
The increasing consumption and excessive extraction of conventional fuels is the matter of serious concern. Nowadays, world is looking for alternative sources of fuel which can partially replace conventional fuel dependence. The current investigation intends to provide evaluation of bio-ethanol preparation from Water Hyacinth (WH) and its influence on diesel engine performance under various operating conditions. This study explores the extraction of glucose from WH (Eichhornia crassipes) pretreated with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) for production of bio-ethanol. For the production of bio-ethanol different concentrations of H2SO4 acid hydrolysate (1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) were prepared which was then followed by fermentation with cellulose fermenting yeasts. From results, it was observed that 4% H2SO4 acid hydrolysis produces higher concentrations of ethanol than other concentrations. Bio-ethanol extracted from WH was blended with diesel in different proportions (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) v/v and performance and emissions were experimentally investigated on single cylinder diesel engine under various load conditions. Experimental results show that 5 BED [5% bio-ethanol (WH + 95%diesel v/v) and 10BED (10% bio-ethanol (WH + 90%diesel v/v)] produces higher brake power, brake thermal efficiency and brake mean effective pressure with improved exhaust emission profiles than any other blend.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge Dr. S. K. Gupta, Guapha, pharmaceutical, Jabalpur, India, for his valuable suggestions and used his facility for producing bio-ethanol from WH in bulk. The authors also wish to thank Mr. Ashish shukla for his valuable suggestions.
Nomenclature
| 5 BED | = | 5% bio-ethanol-95% diesel Blend (v/v) |
| 10 BED | = | 10% bio-ethanol-90% diesel Blend (v/v) |
| 15 BED | = | 15% bio-ethanol-85% diesel Blend (v/v) |
| 20 BED | = | 20% bio-ethanol-80% diesel Blend (v/v) |
| 25 BED | = | 25% bio-ethanol-75% diesel Blend (v/v) |
| BP | = | Brake power (KW) |
| BMEP | = | Brake mean effective pressure (bar) |
| BTHE | = | Brake thermal efficiency (%) |
| CA | = | Crank angle (deg.) |
| NO | = | Nitric oxide (ppm volume) |
| NOx | = | Nitrogen oxides (ppm volume) |
| CO | = | Carbon monoxide (% volume) |
| HC | = | Hydrocarbon (ppm volume) |