A Review on Evolution of Cotton in Brazil: GM, White, and Colored Cultivars

ABSTRACT

Cotton is the main natural fiber grown all over the world. Despite the wide economic importance, cotton faces a strong competition with polyester and other synthetic fibers. This competition induced producers, industry, and scientists to seek for other competitive alternatives to minimize the heavy economic effect on the natural fiber market. As a result, the adoption of robust cultivars and technical management led to improvements in fiber productivity and quality. Brazil is currently a large exponent in cotton fiber production, able to meet the domestic demand and export the surplus. The white fiber market, supplied by conventional and GM cultivars, is the main segment of cotton in Brazil, but the naturally colored fibers have opened up the expectations to new opportunities for small farmers located at semiarid, which preferably adopt the organic or agroecological managements. This review brings information about cotton in Brazil, focusing on the current scenario of this natural fiber.

摘要

棉花是世界上主要的天然纤维. 尽管棉花具有广泛的经济重要性，但它仍面临着与聚酯和其他合成纤维的激烈竞争. 这种竞争促使生产商、工业界和科学家寻求其他具有竞争力的替代品，以尽量减少对天然纤维市场的重大经济影响. 因此，采用健壮的品种和技术管理导致纤维生产率和质量的提高. 巴西目前棉花纤维产量指数较大，能够满足国内需求和出口顺差. 由常规品种和转基因品种供应的白纤维市场是巴西棉花的主要部分，但天然有色纤维为半干旱地区的小农带来了新的机遇，他们最好采用有机或农业生态管理. 本文介绍了巴西棉花的情况，重点介绍了这种天然纤维的现状.

KEYWORDS:

• Gossypium
• fibrous
• growth
• market
• agribusiness
• Anthonomus grandis

关键词:

• 棉花
• 纤维状
• 成长
• 市场
• 农业综合企业，
• 大花金莲花