Tribo-Mechanical characterization of carbonized coconut shell micro particle reinforced with Cissus quadrangularis stem fiber/epoxy novel composite for structural application

ABSTRACT

In this article, mechanical and tribological characterization of Cissus quadrangularis stem fiber (CQSF)/epoxy resin particulate with and without coconut shell ash (CSA) powder was carried out. The materials were fabricated by the hand lay-up method. Epoxy and 30 wt.% CQSF with 40 mm fiber length were taken to fabricate the base material, and CSA was separately added at 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 wt.%. In this way, five materials were fabricated for mechanical and tribological investigation. The tribological characterization was analyzed by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using Design-Expert software, and pin-on-disc wear testing machine was used to calculate the specific wear rate of the materials under different experimental conditions. A design table was created for four factors and three levels using full factorial central composite design. The maximum tensile (110.31 MPa) and flexural (136.11 MPa) strength obtained at 5 wt.% CSA addition and after that reduced. The maximum hardness (98 HRRW) and impact strength (20.03 J/cm²) were obtained at 10 wt.% CSA particulate-filled CQSF/epoxy composite. CQSF/epoxy with 5.9 wt.% CSA filler yielded better specific wear rate (6.67 × 10⁻⁵ mm³/Nm) compared with other compositions, which was found in the RSM technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were taken to identify failure mechanisms for the specimen.

摘要

本文研究了添加和不添加椰壳灰（CSA）粉体的四角莲茎纤维（CQSF）/环氧树脂颗粒的力学性能和摩擦学性能. 材料采用手糊法制作. 采用环氧树脂和30 wt.%CQSF（40mm纤维长度）制备基体材料，分别添加2.5%、5%、7.5%和10%的CSA。通过这种方法，制备了五种用于机械和摩擦学研究的材料. 利用设计专家软件，采用响应面法（RSM）对材料的摩擦学特性进行了分析，并利用销盘式磨损试验机计算了不同试验条件下材料的比磨损率. 采用全析因中心组合设计，建立了四因素三水平的设计表. 在添加5 wt.%CSA时获得的最大拉伸强度（110.31mpa）和弯曲强度（136.11mpa）降低.在10 wt.%CSA颗粒填充CQSF/环氧树脂复合材料时，获得了最大硬度（98hrrw）和冲击强度（20.03j/cm2）. 用响应面法（RSM）研究发现，CQSF/环氧树脂与5.9wt.%CSA填料相比，具有更好的比磨损率（6.67×10-5mm3/Nm）. 扫描电子显微镜（SEM）图像被采取确定的破坏机制的样本.

KEYWORDS:

• Cissus quadrangularis stem fiber
• mechanical and tribological investigation
• coconut shell ash powder
• pin-on-disc wear testing machine
• scanning electron microscopy
• failure mechanisms

关键词:

• 四角肌干纤维
• 机械和摩擦学研究
• 椰壳灰粉
• 销盘式磨损试验机
• 扫描电子显微镜
• 失效机制

Acknowledgments

IJ acknowledges the Rohini College of Engineering and Technology, Palkulam, Kanyakumari, Tamilnadu, India; Shiv Kumar for doing copyediting of this article, and Pinnacle Bio-Sciences for providing research lab facilities to carry out this research work. The authors also acknowledge the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University B.D.T. College of Engineering, Davangere, India, for sharing their facilities to complete this research.

Supplementary material

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed on the publisher’s website.