Effect of altitude on the mechanical strength of Grewia optiva fiber in Garhwal Himalaya, India

ABSTRACT

In recent decades, fiber yielding plants are getting more importance due to their eco-friendly nature of material they produce compared to other conventional materials. These plants fibers are major raw materials to the textiles and other fiber-related industries. But due to over exploitation, improper utilization, and lack of proper marketing channels, these fiber-yielding plants are not getting proper recognition in the local/regional/national and international markets. Among the fiber-yielding species in Garhwal Himalaya, Grewia optiva is an important tree that yields fiber and used by villagers for several traditional purposes. Grewia optiva is distributed in wide altitudinal range (500–2500 masl) of Garhwal Himalaya and, therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of altitude on the physical properties of Grewia optiva fiber. Three major ranges of altitudes (i.e., <1000, 1000–1500, and >1500 masl) were selected for this study and four major parameters (i.e., Fiber Denier, Breaking Strength, Tenacity and Elongation at Break) were taken to understand their properties in each altitude under study. The results show that the mechanical strength of Grewia fiber at higher altitude is maximum due to fiber denier value, breaking strength, elongation at break, and lower at lowest altitude except for tenacity value (highest in middle attitude).

摘要

近几十年来，与其他传统材料相比，纤维植物由于其生产的材料的环保特性而变得越来越重要. 这些植物纤维是纺织和其他纤维相关工业的主要原料. 但由于过度开发、利用不当、缺乏合适的销售渠道，这些纤维生产企业在当地/地区/国家和国际市场上得不到应有的认可. 在Garhwal Himalaya,的产纤树种中， Grewia optiva是一种重要的产纤树种，村民们将其用于多种传统用途. Garhwal Himalaya分布在Grewia optiva的宽海拔范围（500-2500m）内，因此本研究旨在探讨海拔对绿豆纤维物理性质的影响. 本研究选取三个主要海拔范围（即<1000m、1000-1500m和>1500m）进行研究，并选取四个主要参数（即纤维旦宁断裂强度、韧性和断裂伸长率）来了解它们在每个海拔高度下的性能. 结果表明，由于纤维的旦尼尔值、断裂强度、断裂伸长率的影响，高海拔地区的纤维机械强度最大，而低海拔地区的纤维机械强度较低，但韧度值（中部最高）.

KEYWORDS:

• Altitude
• Grewia optiva
• plant fiber
• physical properties
• eco-friendly
• natural

Keywords:

• 关键词
• 海拔高度
• 植物纤维
• 物理性质
• 环保型，自然的.

Acknowledgments

Authors are thankful to all the villagers to provide information on fiber-based product.

Declaration of interest statement

Authors declared that their no competing interest

Additional information

Funding

Munesh Kumar (Second author) is thankful to the Natural Resource Data Management System-Department of Science and Technology (NRDMS-DST), New Delhi for final support: Sanction Order No-NRDMS/SC/ST/25/016(G).