Physical, Chemical, Thermal and Surface Characterization of Cellulose Fibers Derived from Vachellia Nilotica Ssp. Indica Tree Barks

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this investigation is to characterize the fibers extorted from the bark of Vacheilla nilotica ssp indica tree. Physical studies conducted on the fibers showed that the density of the fibers was 1.375 gm/cm³ with their chemical composition containing 60.3% cellulose, 5.76% hemicellulose and 25.24% lignin. Wax, moisture and ash content present in the fibers were 0.63%, 6.95% and 1.12% respectively. FTIR spectrum proved the presence of functional groups pertaining to biopolymers. X-ray diffraction studies on the fibers showed crystalline index, degree of crystallinity and crystallite size as 57.66%, 70.26% and 2.27 nm respectively. Apparent activation energy of the fibers was 59.17 kJ/mol as derived from Broido’s plot and the fibers subsist 225°C without degradation. Tensile strength, percent elongation and Young’s modulus of the fibers were found as 242 ± 19MPa, 2.06 ± 0.07% and 11.76 ± 0.58GPa respectively. SEM images ascertained the rough fiber surface and the roughness parameters such as average roughness, root mean square roughness, skewness and kurtosis of the fibers were observed as 56.9668 nm, 78.5079 nm, 0.45906 and 3.57799 respectively from the atomic force microscope images. The study culminates that the physical, chemical, thermal and surface characteristics are comparable with other cellulose fibers.

摘要

本研究的目的是对从紫薇树皮中提取的纤维进行表征. 对纤维进行的物理研究表明，纤维的密度为1.375gm/cm3，化学成分为纤维素60.3%，半纤维素5.76%，木质素25.24%. 纤维中蜡含量为0.63%，水分含量为6.95%，灰分含量为1.12%. FTIR光谱证实了生物聚合物中存在功能基团. X射线衍射分析表明，纤维的结晶指数为57.66%，结晶度为70.26%，晶粒尺寸为2.27nm. 纤维的表观活化能为59.17kJ/mol，存在225°C无降解. 纤维的拉伸强度、伸长率和杨氏模量为242±19兆帕，2.06±0.07%和11.76%±分别为0.58GPa. 扫描电镜图像确定了纤维表面的粗糙度，原子力显微镜图像显示纤维表面的平均粗糙度、均方根粗糙度、偏度和峰度分别为56.9668nm、78.5079nm、0.45906和3.57799. 研究结果表明，纤维的物理、化学、热学和表面特性与其它纤维素纤维相当.

KEYWORDS:

• Vachellia nilotica ssp indica fibers
• FTIR analysis
• XRD diffraction
• Thermo-gravimetric analysis
• tensile strength
• Surface morphology

关键词:

• 罗非鱼纤维
• 分析
• 衍射
• 热重分析
• 抗拉强度
• 表面形貌