Characterization of a Novel Cellulosic Fiber from Brassica oleracea Var. Italic Stem

ABSTRACT

This study targets to investigate the properties and morphology of fibers obtained from the stem of Brassica oleracea var. Italic known as broccoli plant. The morphology and diameter of the Brassica oleracea var. Italic fibers (BOVIFs) were analyzed using a scanning electron microscopy. The elemental components were determined by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The functional groups of BOVIFs were studied by a Fourier transform-infrared instrument. The thermal degradation behavior was assessed by thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermogravimetric analysis, and the crystallinity was specified with X-ray diffraction technique. Furthermore, the mechanical behaviors of BOVIFs were analyzed with Shimadzu Ag-X machine. The density and diameter of the fibers were specified as 1.80 g/cm³ and 585 µm. The energy-dispersive X-ray analysis results of BOVIFs show that the fiber consists of carbon (54.49%) and oxygen (45.34%). The cellulose and lignin contents present in the fiber are 47.8% and 13.4%, respectively. According to the Fourier transform infrared analysis, the fibers have a lignocellulose structure. The maximum peak temperature was determined at 365.05°C in the differential thermogravimetric analysis curve, and the crystallinity index was calculated as 70.19%. The fibers have a tensile strength of 790 MPa, an elongation at break of 4.30%, and a Young’s modulus of 18 GPa. The experimental results of this study show that BOVIFs can be used as a new plant-based fiber in many areas.

摘要

本研究旨在探讨甘蓝（Brassica oleracea var. Italic）茎中纤维的性质和形态. 利用扫描电镜对甘蓝纤维的形态和直径进行了分析. 用X射线能谱分析法测定其元素组成. 用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪研究了BOVIF的官能团. 用热重分析/差热重分析法对其热降解行为进行了评价，并用X射线衍射技术对其结晶度进行了表征. 此外，利用岛津Ag-X试验机对BOVIF的力学行为进行了分析. 纤维的密度和直径分别为1.80g/cm3和585µMBOVIFs纤维的X射线能谱分析结果表明，纤维由碳（54.49%）和氧（45.34%）组成. 纤维中纤维素和木质素含量分别为47.8%和13.4%. 经傅立叶变换红外光谱分析，纤维具有木质纤维素结构. 最高峰值温度测定在365.05°C差示热重分析曲线中的，结晶指数为70.19%. 纤维的拉伸强度为790mpa，断裂伸长率为4.30%，杨氏模量为18gpa. 实验结果表明，BOVIFs可以作为一种新型植物纤维应用于许多领域.

KEYWORDS:

• Brassica oleracea var. italic
• energy dispersive x-ray
• x-ray diffraction
• Fourier transform-infrared
• thermal degradation
• mechanical behavior

关键词:

• 能量色散X射线
• X射线衍射
• 傅里叶变换红外光谱
• 热降解
• 机械性能