Tensile Strength and Fracture Behavior of Single Abaca Fiber

ABSTRACT

A novel experiment device was employed to investigate the tensile strength and fracture mechanism of single abaca fibers. Twenty specimens of untreated single fibers with a gauge length of 30 mm were subjected to tensile force with a loading rate of 0.46 N/s. Results show that the tensile strength of the fiber ranges from 417 MPa to 1548 MPa. The tensile strength was calculated using the measured value of cross-sectional area of each fiber, evaluated by using a three-dimensional microscopic observation. The observation conducted for all specimens reveals the fracture mechanism of the single fiber classified into three types, i.e. shear, tension, and combined of shear and tension. The considerably high tensile strength of the single fiber and fracture mechanism of the single fiber provide a possibility for designing high strength abaca fiber reinforced composite for various engineering applications.

摘要

采用一种新型的实验装置研究了abaca单纤维的拉伸强度和断裂机理. 20个标距长度为30mm的未经处理的单纤维试样受到0.46 N/s加载速率的拉力. 结果表明,纤维的拉伸强度在417mpa到1548mpa之间. 通过测量每种纤维的横截面积值计算拉伸强度, 并通过三维显微镜观察进行评估. 对所有试样进行的观察揭示了单纤维的断裂机理, 可分为三种类型, 即剪切、拉伸和剪切与拉伸的组合. 单纤维具有相当高的抗拉强度和断裂机理, 为设计各种工程应用的高强度abaca纤维增强复合材料提供了可能性.

关键词:

• 单纤维
• 拉拔试验
• 抗拉强度
• 断裂类型
• 破坏机理
• 天然纤维

KEYWORDS:

• Abaca single fiber
• pull-out test
• tensile strength
• fracture type
• failure mechanism
• natural fiber

Highlighted results

• The pull out tests were conducted to abaca single fiber to investigate the tensile strength, failure behaviour, and fracture mechanism of single abaca fiber.

• To evaluate the ultimate tensile strength of the single fiber, the cross-section area of each tested fiber were measured using three dimensional confocal microscopic image. Using this method, the cross-sectional area perpendicular to tensile force can be measured more realistically since the shapes are irregular.

• The ultimate tensile strength value varies from 417 MPa to 1548 MPa. The wide variation of the tensile strength value occurred due to highly random size of single fiber.

• Fracture mechanism of the single fiber can be classified into three types; (I) fracture involving parallel separation of fiber bundles, (II) fracture involving fiber elongation, and (III) fracture involving both parallel separation and fiber elongation. From 20 specimens observed, 50% of failure can be classified to type I, 20% to type II, and 30% to type III.

• The fracture mechanism of the single fiber provides a useful information on the selection process for length/diameter aspect as well as composition of the fiber-matrix.

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by IFS Collaborative Research Project 2019 Ref. no.: J19I096 and Kemenristekdikti Republik Indonesia through research grant PDD 2019 Ref. no.: 47/UN11.2/PP/SP3/2019, which are highly acknowledged.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University [IFS CRP 2019 Ref. no.: J19I096]; Direktorat Riset Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Kementerian Riset, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan Tinggi, Republik Indonesia [47/UN11.2/PP/SP3/2019].