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ABSTRACT
A group of homologous nucleic acid modification enzymes called Dnmt2, Trdmt1, Pmt1, DnmA, and Ehmet in different model organisms catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from the cofactor S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM) to the carbon-5 of cytosine residues. Originally considered as DNA MTases, these enzymes were shown to be tRNA methyltransferases about a decade ago. Between the presumed involvement in DNA modification-related epigenetics, and the recent foray into the RNA modification field, significant progress has characterized Dnmt2-related research. Here, we review this progress in its diverse facets including molecular evolution, structural biology, biochemistry, chemical biology, cell biology and epigenetics.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest
No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
Acknowledgments
This work has been supported by the DFG research group FOR1082. The PIs like to thank numerous Ph.D. students and postdocs involved in the projects for their enthusiastic work, including: Maria Becker, Zeljko Durdevic, Winfried Elhardt, Mark Hartmann, Steffen Kaiser, Stefanie Kellner, Reinhardt Liebers, Madeleine Meusburger, Martin Müller, Sara Müller, Olaf Nickel, Sameer Phalke, Katharina Schmid, Isabelle Schuster, Raghuvaran Shanmugam, Kathrin Thüring, Ayala Tovy, Francesca Tuorto.