In Vitro Efficacy of Microbial Antagonists, Botanical Extracts and Synthetic Chemicals against Mango Quick Wilt Pathogen Ceratocystis Manginecans

ABSTRACT

Ceratocystis manginecans is a cause of mango quick wilt disease. The pathogen has inflicted significant yield loss to the mango industry of Pakistan. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the inhibitory activity of different microbial antagonists, botanical extracts and fungicides on C. manginecans growth in vitro. Among the three microbial antagonists tested, T. harzianum produced the highest inhibition (87.3%) of the pathogen in dual culture. Allium sativum showed the highest inhibitory (71.5%) activity against C. manginecans, while, Topsin-M (Thiophanate Methyl) was the most effective (84.7%) among fungicides in a poison food assay. This study addresses the gap of information on potential chemical and biological control agents that might find potential application to control mango quick wilt disease. To our knowledge, this is the first report of excellent antifungal activity of A. sativum against C. manginecans. Taken together these findings T. harzianum, A. sativum, and Topsin-M should be tested further at field level so that they can be included as components of integrated management program of mango quick wilt.

KEYWORDS:

• Allium sativum
• Trichoderma
• Bacillus subtilis
• fungicides
• botanical extracts
• inhibition

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The study is ethically approved, and Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in this research

Consent for publication

Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in this research publication/Not applicable individually in this section.

Availability of data and material

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Competing interests

The authors declare no potential competing/conflict of interests.

Additional information

Funding

This study was funded by Plant Disease Diagnostic laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture-Faisalabad and U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security University of Agriculture-Faisalabad, P.O. Box 38040, Pakistan.