Nutritional Profile and Health Benefits of Kinnow: An Updated Review

ABSTRACT

Kinnow is a fruit crop which is famous among consumers due to its tasty and delicious juice. It is a multipurpose crop which could be utilized as an important source of nutrients for humans as well as animals. Depending on the environmental conditions and age of kinnow fruit the amount of juice may vary from 45 to 60%. Total soluble solids present in juice reside in range from 9.5 to 16%. Kinnow fruit is a rich source of bioactive constituents, along with specific minerals (sodium 0.01–0.03 mg/g; potassium 1.6–2.5 mg/g; calcium 0.14–0.47 mg/g, and copper 6–8 mg/100 ml), vitamins and volatile compounds. Kinnow fruit could be used for a variety of purposes ranging from fresh juice to candy, jellies and wine. The remaining waste of kinnow fruit after juice extraction could also be useful as animal feed. Addition of kinnow in diet chart could provide many health benefits. The present review paper focused on detail description of nutritional profile of kinnow fruits, pre- and postharvest factors affecting the bioactive profile, volatile compounds, and usefulness of specific compounds present in kinnow for health benefiting properties. Mandarins are of great interest because of their agro-industrial value, high nutrients, and bioactive constituents.

Abbreviation: TSS: Total soluble solids, HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus, B. subtilis: Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus: Bacillus cereus, S. typhimurium: Salmonella typhimurium, S. dysenteriae: Salmonella dysenteriae, COX: Cyclooxygenase, VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor, TNF: Tumor necrosis factor, HDPE: High density polyethylene, LDPE: Low density polyethylene, LDL: Low density lipoproteins, HDL: High density lipoproteins, GAE: Gallic acid equivalent, RE: Rutin equivalent, CE: Catechin equivalent

KEYWORDS:

• Kinnow
• bioactive constituents
• animal feed
• volatile compounds
• health benefits

Acknowledgments

‘Not applicable’ for that section.

Author Contributions

Both authors (SSP and KSS) prepared the framework, proofread, corrected and approved the manuscript.

Consent For Publication

Both authors read and approved the manuscript for publication.

Competing Interests

Authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethics Approval And Consent To Participate

Not applicable.

Additional information

Funding

The study was supported by Grant received from Seed Division, Department of Science & Technology (DST), New Delhi, India. Vide letter No. SP/YO/727/2018(G).