Notes
1. A wide variety of terms are currently in use to describe individuals who are being educated in predominantly English language settings, but whose home language is other than English. These terms include English language learners, English learners, and emergent multilingual learners, among others. We have currently settled on the term multilingual learners because, for us, it represents a non-hierarchical perspective that, as learners, we always flexibly use the full range of language resources we have available to make and communicate meaning.