Augmenting rooftop solar energy penetration ratio with secondary distribution network using smart inverter for maximum power transfer capacity for subordinate grid- A review

ABSTRACT

A rooftop photovoltaic power station, or rooftop PV system, is a photovoltaic system that has its electricity-generating solar panels mounted on the rooftop of a residential or commercial building or structure. The various components of such a system include photovoltaic modules, mounting systems, cables, solar inverters, and other electrical accessories. Rooftop mounted systems are small compared to ground-mounted photovoltaic power stations with capacities in the MW (megawatt) range. With the significant improvement of Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic Energy System (RSPES) among various Renewable Energy Systems, the major issues, effects, and several operational characteristics of the rooftop solar PVs in the Distribution System (DS) with Low Power Utility Network are actively being studied and investigated by global researchers and operation engineers. The most important objective of various researches about RSPES is to design a Power System with Optimal Maximum Power Transfer Capacity (MPTC). These review papers analyze the performance of Secondary Distribution System integrated to grid with Smart Inverter with or without the presence of Distribution Generation (DG) units. The effects caused by the penetration of Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic (PV) units in the Distribution Equipment (DE) are detailed in this paper with various research techniques. With the consideration of different objective constraints, Optimization techniques are utilized for solving minimization problems of objectives such as Size, Area, Operational Characteristics, Energy Loss, Cost of Installation, Generation Cost, Peak Load, Reverse Power Flow, and maximization problems of objectives such as PV power generation, Energy Saving Capability, Electricity Energy Mix, etc.. The various optimization techniques and frameworks for improving the performance of Power System and their corresponding results are demonstrated in this paper. This paper reviews totally 42 related researches done on the different phases of Optimization based Rooftop Solar PV system in the period between 2015 and 2017. This review summarizes the evaluation of the i) Solar rooftop energy with effects of increase in penetration; ii) The performance of efficient secondary distribution system with grid integrated smart inverter; iii) Algorithms based on optimization for solving the objectives in rooftop solar PV system are investigated.

KEYWORDS:

• Distribution generator
• low voltage distribution grid
• optimization
• photovoltaic units
• PV penetration
• renewable energy resources
• rooftop solar energy
• smart inverter