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ABSTRACT
In recent years, companies have been entirely investing to generate an alternative fuel to exchange the depleting fossil oil products which release more emission. The purpose of this research study is to decide the accessibility of biodiesel as an alternative fuel in diesel engines. In the current study, microalgae such as Diatom navicula sphaerophora green algae is used as the source for biodiesel production. The Diatom navicula sp. algae is a harvested biomass and its rate of growth doubles in one day. The Diatom navicula sp. algae could be selected for the biodiesel production. The Diatom navicula sp. algae Methyl Ester and Ruthenium oxide nanoparticles are standardised using several biochemical methods which include, FT-IR analysis, SEM and EDX-ray spectroscopy studies. The chemical as well as physical properties of DNSME are determined and compared to fulfill the ASTM standards. In this particular work, DNSME blends of B20 with RuO2 as the additive with different proportions have been used as fuel. The study was conducted on a single cylinder four stroke diesel engine, keeping a constant speed of 1500 rpm. Four blends are prepared by biodiesel as B20 along with three blends of diesel-biodiesel- RuO2 using 50ppm and 100ppm concentrations of RuO2. The final results showed that DNSME with RuO2 additives is a best alternative fuel for the diesel engine to increase performance and reduce engine exhaust emissions.
Nomenclature and abbreviation
| Al | = | Aluminium |
| ASTM | = | American Society for Testing and Materials |
| BP | = | Brake Power |
| BSFC | = | Brake Specific Fuel Consumption |
| B20 | = | −20% Biodiesel + 80% Diesel |
| B20+50ppm | = | −20% Biodiesel + 80% Diesel+ 50ppm (RuO2 nano additives) |
| B20+100ppm | = | −20% Biodiesel + 80% Diesel+100ppm (RuO2 nano additives) |
| CI | = | Compression Ignition |
| CO | = | Carbon monoxide |
| CO2 | = | Carbon dioxide |
| Ce | = | Cerium |
| Cu | = | Copper |
| DEE | = | Di Ethyl Ether |
| EDS | = | Energy Dispersive Spectrum |
| DNSME | = | Diatom Navicula Sphaerophora Methyl Ester |
| EFC | = | Energy Fuel Consumption |
| FAME | = | Fatty Acid Methyl Ester |
| FTIR | = | Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy |
| HC | = | Hydro Carbon |
| KOH | = | Potassium hydroxide |
| Mn | = | Manganese |
| NOx | = | Nitrogen Oxides |
| O2 | = | Oxygen |
| rpm | = | revolutions per minute |
| RuO2 | = | Zirconium dioxide |
| SEM | = | Scanning Electron Microscope |
| Ti | = | Titanium |
| UHC | = | Unburnt Hydro Carbon |