Combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of dairy-washed milk scum biodiesel in a dual cylinder compression ignition engine

ABSTRACT

The present work has been carried out to study the suitability of milk dairy waste scum (MDWS) biodiesel as a fuel for diesel engine. The investigations were carried out on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a direct injection dual cylinder diesel engine fueled with MDWS methyl ester, and their blends. Two-step transesterification process was used to synthesize the MDWS biodiesel, characterization according to specified ASTM D6751-15C standards. The performance characteristics studies showed an increased brake thermal efficiency of B20 (3%) and B30 (0.94%) blends in comparison to fossil diesel. However, the increased brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) was also found with all the fuel blends and an higher (9%) BSFC was obtained with B50 compared to diesel fuel at full load condition. The emissions of blends were found to be lower in comparison with diesel fuel, except for nitrogen oxides. A 32% increase in NOx emission was found with B50 blend compared to diesel fuel at maximum load condition. However, improved combustion characteristics would found with MDWS blends with respect to in-cylinder pressure, ignition delay, and heat release rate compared to fossil diesel.

KEYWORDS:

• Biodiesel
• transesterification
• brake thermal efficiency
• brake specific fuel consumption
• brake specific energy consumption
• emission
• combustion

Acknowledgments

Authors are very grateful to Managing director of KMF for his support throughout research.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

H. V. Srikanth

Dr. H. V. Srikanth obtained  his bachelors, masters and doctoral degree in mechanical engineering from Visvesvaraya technological university, Karnataka,India. He  has several research papers on his name in the domain of biodiesel production, characterization and its suitability as a fuel in compression ignition engine. Currently he is working as Assistant professor, in Aeronautical Engineering at Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Bangalore.

J. Venkatesh

Dr. J. Venkatesh has 30 years of teaching and 20 years of research experience, he obtained his bachelor’s degree from University of Mysore and masters in technology from Anna University.  Dr. Venkatesh secured doctoral degree from University of Mysore, currently he is working as professor and head of Automobile Engineering at PES College of Engineering, Mandya. He has published several research articles in the field of composite materials and alternative fuel for IC engines.

Sharanappa Godiganur

Dr. Sharanappa Godiganur has obtained his B.E in Mechanical Engineering from Gulbarga University, Master degree in Heat Power Engineering from KREC Suratkal. He pursued his doctoral degree in the area of Biodiesel application on heavy duty diesel engine from NITK Suratkal. He has teaching experience of over 30 years. He has published more than 30 technical papers and has presented 25 and above research articles in reputed national and international conferences.

Bhaskar Manne

Mr. Bhaskar Manne had completed his bachelor degree in Mechanical Engineering from Visvesvaraya Technological University and obtained master degree from National Institute of Technology Karnataka with Manufacturing Engineering specialization. He authored 6 international journal papers and 6 international conference papers. Currently, working as Project officer/Scientist in DST-Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic unit of excellence for clean water at IIT Madras and developing advanced drinking water storage materials and their manufacturing methods.

S. Bharath Kumar

Mr. S. Bharath Kumar obtained his bachelors and masters degree in Mechanical Engineering from Visvesvaraya Technological University.  Currently, he is working as research scholar at    Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology. He has published several research articles in the field of alternative fuel for IC engines.

S. Spurthy

Ms. S. Spurthy obtained her bachelors in Aeronautical Engineering from Visvesvaraya Technological University. She has published several research articles in the field of alternative fuels for IC engines, Aerodynamics, Aircraft propulsion systems.