https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6896-8438
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ABSTRACT
This research work evaluates the influence of compression ratio and exhaust gas recirculation on combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine powered with diesel/WLDPE oil/1-decanol. A ternary blend was prepared using splash blending technique and the blend ratio was designated as 70% volume of diesel + 20% by volume of WLDPE oil + 10% by volume of 1-decanol called as D70L20DEC10 blend. The experimental trials were carried at three compression ratios (16:1, 17.5:1, and 19:1) and three EGR rates (0%, 10%, and 20%) at the maximum power output of the engine. Results indicated that ignition delay period get shortened as the compression ratio got higher. The in-cylinder pressure and the rate of heat release dropped with escalating EGR rates and increased with the higher compression ratio. In comparison with CR 17.5:1 and CR 16:1, BTE increased by 4% and 6%, respectively, for CR 19:1 operation. CR 19:1 under 0% EGR rate gave diesel equivalent BTE. The NOx emission escalated with increasing CR and reduced upon increasing the EGR rates. At CR 19:1, NOx emission was reduced by 58.82% as EGR grows from 0 to 20%. When compared to CR 17.5:1 and CR 16:1 smoke emission got suppressed by 31.6% and 36%, respectively, with CR 19:1 under 0% EGR operation. On the other hand, smoke emission aggravated with higher EGR rates at all CR . Both HC and CO emission decrease with higher CR and increased with the inclusion of EGR. Finally, CR 19:1 and 10% EGR rate are suggested as the best operating parameters when the engine is fueled with the ternary blend.
Abbreviations
ASTMAmerican Society for Testing and MaterialsTDCTop Dead Center, CABMEPBrake Mean Effective Pressure, barBSECBrake-Specific Energy Consumption, kJ/kW-h BSFCBrake-Specific Fuel Consumption, kg/kW-h BTEBrake Thermal Efficiency, %CACrank Angle, degCCICalculated Cetane IndexCOCarbon monoxide, % vol.CO2Carbon dioxide, % vol.CRCompression ratioCRDiCommon Rail Direct InjectionD70L30Diesel-70%, WLDPE oil-30%D70L20DEC10Diesel-70%, WLDPE oil-20%, 1-decanol-10%ECUElectronic Control UnitEGRExhaust Gas Recirculation, %HCHydrocarbons, ppmHRRHeat Release Rate, J/degLDPELow-Density PolyethyleneNOxNitrogen oxides, ppmPPMParts Per MillionWLDPEWaste Low-Density Polyethylene.
Future research prospects
Further studies on the compatibility of cetane improvers in the ternary blend can be explored.
A detailed study on particulate matter emissions from the ternary blend has to be undertaken.
Optimization studies can be done by altering the injection timing and fuel injection pressure.
Finally, long-term durability studies are necessary to propose the ternary blend as a surrogate for diesel fuel.
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Rajasekaran Shanmugam
Rajasekaran Shanmugam is working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at University College of Engineering Villupuram, (A constituent College of Anna University: Chennai). He has 20 years of teaching experience in UG & PG level. He completed his Master degree in Thermal Engineering Specialization at National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli. He completed his Ph.D in the year 2019 at Anna University Chennai in Heat exchanger area. His research interest includes Heat exchanger, IC engines and Mechatronics.
Damodharan Dillikannan
Damodharan Dillikannan is working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Jeppiaar Engineering College, Chennai. He has 11 years of experience in teaching variety of engineering subjects like Engineering Thermodynamics, Thermal Engineering, Automobile Engineering, Advanced I.C Engines, Power plant Engineering and Heat and Mass transfer. He completed his Ph.D in the year 2018. His research interest include extraction and utilization of plastic oil from MSW as transport fuels, optimizing engine parameters, waste to energy and design and development of after treatment devices like DOC and SCR. He has published 18 research articles in various international journals indexed in web of science and he also published 1 patent, 1 book and 1 book chapter. He has 200+ citations and has a Scopus h-index of 6. He has reviewed more than 100 research articles in various international journals. He was awarded for his outstanding contribution in reviewing during the year 2018 from Elsevier Publisher.
Gopal Kaliyaperumal
Gopal Kaliyaperumal is working as Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at New Horizon College of Engineering, Bengaluru. He has 10 years of experience in teaching variety of engineering subjects like Engineering Thermodynamics, Thermal Engineering, Automobile Engineering, Advanced I.C Engines, Power plant Engineering and Heat and Mass transfer. He completed his Ph.D in the year 2018. His research interest include optimizing engine parameters, lignocellulosic biofuels derived from biomass, waste to energy and developing after treatment devices. He has published 11 research articles in various international journals indexed in web of science and he also published 1 patent, 1 book and 1 book chapter. He is a regular reviewer of leading journals like Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Process Safety and Environmental Protection.
Melvin Victor De Poures
Melvin Victor Depoures is working as Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Saveetha School of Engineering, Chennai. He has over a decade of teaching experience in teaching variety of Mechanical Engineering subjects. He completed his Ph.D in the year 2018. His research interest include optimizing engine parameters, waste to energy and developing after treatment devices. He has published 13 research articles in various international journals indexed in web of science and he also published 1 book and 1 book chapter.. He has 4 patent published in official journal of patent, India. His current research deals with biogas, hydrogen and LTC combustion.
Rajesh Kumar Babu
Rajesh Kumar Babu is working as Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Jeppiaar Institute of Technology, Sunguvarchatiram, Chennai. He has 19 years of experience in teaching subjects like Engineering Thermodynamics, Thermal Engineering, Heat and Mass transfer and Gas Dynamics in national and international colleges. . He completed his Ph.D in the year 2019. His research interests include biomass utilization, advanced biofuels, waste to energy, engine combustion, engine testing, agro-diesel engines, emission characterization and control and engine optimization. He has published more than 30 research articles in international journals indexed in web of science. He has 1100+ citations and has a Scopus h-index of 15. He has travelled extensively to U.S, Europe and Middle East countries on various academic duties and was a visiting external research scholar at California State University at Fresno associated with his doctoral research during the year 2017. He was awarded for his outstanding contribution in reviewing during the years 2016 and 2017 from Elsevier Publisher.