NO_X based comparative analysis of a CI engine fueled with water in diesel emulsion

ABSTRACT

The use of WDEF (water-diesel-emulsified fuel) has been one of the effective methods used for NO_x (Nitrogen oxide) reduction without any modification on engine. In the present study, firstly, the potential of emulsified fuel on performance of engine parameters has been determined. In the experiments; pure diesel, 5%, 10% and 15% water content have been prepared and tested at rated power and torque conditions. As a result of experiments, a slight reduction of up to 5.22% in brake power is observed for maximum torque, also increase up to 7.42% in BSFC (Brake-specific fuel consumption) is attained while using emulsified fuel. However, a leading emission problem of diesel engine, the highest reduction in NO_x emissions is obtained as 16.84%. For maximum power, a slight reduction up to 5.46% in brake power has been observed, also increase up to 8.96% in BSFC is acquired comparing with pure diesel. The highest decrease in NO_x emissions has been achieved 10.8% by using WDEF. As a result of theoretical study, 10% emulsified fuel has been determined as the optimum fuel blend with the use of Fuzzy-AHP (Analytic hierarchy process) and CODAS (Combinative distance-based assessment) regarding experimental results of brake power, torque, brake specific fuel consumption and NO_x emissions. The effects of the optimized fuel on performance of engine parameters and NO_x emissions have been examined by one dimensional thermodynamic simulation, AVL Boost, and the results are compared with experimental data. The theoretical results have a good agreement with experimental data.

KEYWORDS:

• Diesel engine
• water-diesel emulsion
• emissions
• performance
• no_x
• thermodynamic analysis

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by Yildiz Technical University (YTU) Scientific Research Project Coordination (BAPK) (Project no. FBA-2018-3215). Thanks to YTU BAPK for the financial support. We are also eternally grateful to AVL-AST, Graz, Austria for granting use of AVL-BOOST under the university partnership program.

Nomenclature

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Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Yildiz Teknik Üniversitesi [Project no. FBA-2018-3215].

Notes on contributors

Fatih Okumuş

Fatih Okumus obtained his Bachelor's from Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering in 2014 from Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey. He obtained his Master's degree in 2019 from Yildiz Technical University, Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering. He is presently a Research Assistant at the Yildiz Technical University, Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Department. His main research areas are tribology, alternative fuels, thermodynamics.

Cenk Kaya

Cenk Kaya obtained his Bachelor's from Marine Engineering in 2015 from Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey. He obtained his Master's degree in 2019 from Yildiz Technical University, Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering. He is presently a Research Assistant at the Istanbul Technical University, Marine Engineering Department. His main research areas are alternative fuels and marine diesel engines.

Görkem Kökkülünk

Görkem Kökkülünk obtained his Master and PhD degree from Yildiz Technical University, Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering in 2012 and 2016, respectively. He is presently Asst. Prof. at the Yildiz Technical University, Marine Engineering Department. His main research areas are marine diesel engines, energy efficiency in maritime and alternative fuels.