https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1788-8494
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ABSTRACT
An experimental study was performed on single-cylinder, four-stroke, and spark ignition engines to understand the impact of a small quantity of hydrogen fractions in CNG fuel on an engine’s performance and emission characteristics. The two blends of H-CNG in which hydrogen fuel was used were 0.20 kg/hr and 0.25 kg/hr mass flow rate at varying engine rpm. The hydrogen enrichment increases the BTE by 3.54% and 4.94%, for HCNG (0.20 kg/hr) and HCNG (0.25 kg/hr), relative to CNG operation. Similarly, the hydrogen enrichment reduces the BSFC with higher margin due to its increment in calorific value compared to CNG operation. The H-CNG fuel blend has shown severe decrement in HC, CO, CO2, and O2 emissions compared to gasoline and CNG fuel. However, NOx emissions were a concern in CNG-fueled engine. The CNG-fueled engine has produced almost 32% of higher NOx emissions than gasoline. However, adding H2 fuel to CNG decreased NOx emissions and brought it nearly equal to the gasoline-fueled engine emissions at overall engine rpm. Overall, from a future perspective, the H-CNG mode of operation with optimum proportion of Hydrogen-CNG can be considered a suitable fuel blend to control engine emissions without compromising engine performance of conventional SI engines.
KEYWORDS:
Abbrevation
| A-F | = | Air-fuel ratio |
| BTE | = | Brake thermal efficiency |
| CC | = | Combustion chamber |
| CI | = | Compression ignition |
| CO | = | Carbon monoxide |
| DI | = | Direct injection |
| EGT | = | Exhaust gas temperature |
| EGR | = | Exhaust gas recirculation |
| BSFC | = | Brake Specific Fuel Consumption |
| BP | = | Brake Power |
| FV | = | Fuel vapor |
| HC | = | Hydrocarbon |
| NA | = | Naturally aspirated |
| NOx | = | Oxides of nitrogen |
| CR | = | Compression Ratio |
| HCNG | = | Hydrogen-CNG |
| CNG | = | Compressed Natural Gas |
| SI | = | Spark Ignition |
| CO2 | = | Carbon Di Oxide |
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Supplementary material
Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2022.2151668