https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2517-2119
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ABSTRACT
To reduce the pollution to a large extent in the transportation sector, it is important to charge the Electrical Vehicles (EV) from sustainable sources of electricity, such as solar or wind energy. Building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems have gained popularity over the past 10 years and have been demonstrated to be a practical method of generating renewable energy that can be used to partially power buildings. One of the emerging technologies in EV charging systems is wireless charging technology; we realize that using this technology, fully automatic charging is simple. Compared to a plug-in charging system, wireless charging is free from rust, rain, and other environmental impacts like vandalization and visual pollution. By integrating wireless EV charging with BIPV shading systems, it offers a green and cutting-edge charging option. Building integrated solar panels are affected by different scenarios and causes due to their positioning. The direction of the solar panel, tilted position, and reflected irradiation, these all factors are to be considered in design of BIPV system. In this article, a system designed in way to analyze the effect of white and black color reflectors effect on solar panels (shading system) in different directions. In this work, a 256-W wireless charging system developed for E-bikes utilizing BIPV system. The proposed BIPV-fed resonant inductive charging system achieved efficiency of 95% for simulation and 91.6 for experimental analysis. The experimental analysis is verified by simulation and experimental results.
Nomenclature
| θel | = | Elevation Angle |
| Gpvi | = | Solar radiation incident on PV module |
| GRi | = | Solar radiation incident on Reflector |
| GRpv | = | Total incident ray solar panel |
| Gpv_b | = | Directly incident solar radiation on PV module |
| Gpv_d | = | Diffused radiation on PV module |
| GR_b | = | Directly incident solar radiation on Reflector module |
| GR_d | = | Diffused radiation on |
| BIPV | = | Building Integrated Photovoltaic. |
| Cp | = | Primary Series Compensation |
| Cs | = | Secondary Series Compensation |
| WPT | = | Wireless Power Transfer |
| HFI | = | High Frequency Inverter |
| RIPT | = | Resonant Inductive Power Transfer |
| SS | = | Series- Series |
| SP | = | Series- Parallel |
| PS | = | Parallel-Series |
| PP | = | Parallel- Parallel |
| HFI | = | High Frequency Inverter |
| EW | = | East: White |
| EB | = | East: Black |
| E | = | East |
| EV | = | East: Vertical |
| Qs | = | Secondary Coil Quality Factor |
| kAnys | = | Coupling co-efficient related Anys simulation |
| KExp | = | Coupling co-efficient related Experiment |
| SiC | = | Silicon Carbide |
| SWW | = | South-West: White |
| SWB | = | South-West: Black |
| SW | = | South-West |
| SWV | = | South-West: Vertical |
| SW | = | South: White |
| SB | = | South: Black |
| S | = | South |
| SoC | = | State of Charge |
| SV | = | South: Vertical |
| SR | = | South- Roof |
| LR | = | Length of reflector screen |
| LPV | = | Length of PV module |
| Vo | = | Output Voltage |
| VinDC | = | Input DC Voltage Inverter |
| Iprms | = | Primary rms current of Inverter |
| Isrms | = | Secondary rms current of Inverter |
| Ro | = | Battery equivalent Resistance |
| Lp | = | Primary coil inductance |
| Ls | = | Secondary coil Inductance |
| FEA | = | Finite Element Analysis |
| T | = | The gap between turn’s consecutive turns |
| W | = | Width of the coil |
| Dout | = | Outer diameter of coil |
| Din | = | Inner diameter of coil |
| Vmx | = | Maximum voltage |
| Imx | = | Maximum current |
| Pm | = | Maximum power |
Acknowledgements
This work is supported in part by Government of India, Directorate of Science and Technology (DST) Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) Core Research Grant, File No: CRG/2019/005843.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Mahesh Aganti
Mahesh Aganti, received the bachelor’s degree in electrical and electronics engineering from Mahaveer Institute of Science and Technology, Hyderabad, India, in 2011, and the Master of Technology degree in power electronics and drives from SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India, in 2016. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in wireless charging technologies for EVs. He is also a JRF in DST SERB CRG Project with the Department of Electrical and Electronics, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, under Dr. C. Bharatiraja. His research interests include battery management systems, wireless charging, and dc fast charging.
Bharatiraja Chokkalingam
Bharatiraja Chokkalingam, (Senior Member, IEEE) received the Bachelor of Engineering degree in electrical and electronics engineering from Kumaraguru College of Engineering, Coimbatore, India, in 2002, the Master of Engineering degree in power electronics engineering from the Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, in 2006, and the Ph.D. degree, in 2015. He completed his first Postdoctoral Fellowship at the Centre for Energy and Electric Power, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa, in 2016, with the National Research Foundation funding. He was a recipient of DST and Indo-U.S. Bhaskara Advanced Solar Energy in 2017, and through this he completed his second Postdoctoral Fellowship at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. He is currently a Visiting Researcher Scientist with Northeastern University. He is also a Visiting Researcher with the University of South Africa. He is also working as an Associate Professor with the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur Campus, Chennai, India. He was collaborated with leading Indian overseas universities for both teaching and research. He has completed six sponsored projects from various government and private agencies. He also singed MoU with various industries. He is also running two funded research project in wireless charging of EV and UAV under DST SERB Core Research Grant, Government of India. He has authored more than 110 research articles, which are published in international journal, including various IEEE TRANSACTIONS. His research interests include power electronics converter topologies, and controls for PV and EV applications, PWM techniques for power converters and adjustable speed drives, wireless power transfer, and smart grid. He is a Senior Member of IEI and IET. He was a recipient of Young Scientists Fellowship, Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology, in 2018.