Review on performance and emission of spark ignition engine using exhaust gas recirculation

ABSTRACT

Modernizing electronic control and developing new exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valves have made it possible to improve EGR accuracy and shorten transient response times. With this paper, we have outlined the findings of research on the effects of various EGR ratios on engine emissions, knock suppression, and charge combustion. Results from experiments conducted by many researchers are summed up as 15% − 18% EGR is found to successfully reduce NOx emissions without impacting engine performance. Because exhaust fumes dilute the fuel/air mixture, this can lead to inefficient combustion, which can lower brake thermal efficiency. According to the findings, selecting the right EGR ratio and spark timing is essential for maximizing engine performance. examined how cold EGR affected knock intensity. It was found that the maximum compression temperature decreased in range of 30–40 kelvin and the cylinder pressure decreased up to 0.4 bar as the EGR increased from 7 to 13%. This demonstrated that the knock was effectively repressed. Because of a buildup of carbon deposits, the EGR valve frequently sticks. In addition to higher fuel consumption or poorer performance, clogged EGRs frequently result in black smoke coming from the exhaust.

KEYWORDS:

• Exhaust gas recirculation
• knock
• oxides of nitrogen
• spark ignition engine
• turbocharged

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Chandrakumar Pardhi

Chandrakumar Pardhi is a research scholar and pursuing a Ph.D. in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amity School of Engineering and Technology (ASET), Amity University Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India. His area of Interests is thermal engineering and solar energy.

Rabindra Prasad

Rabindra Prasad is currently working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Amity University Gwalior, India. He completed his Ph.D. from Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, India. His research interests include mechanical and tribological behavior of composites, manufacturing Processes and energy storage devices. He is actively working in the develpment of metallic foam for ballistic impact resistance structures.

C.P. Jawahar

C. P. Jawahar is working as Professor and Dean, Faculty of Technology, Kalinga University, Naya Raipur. His research areas include thermal sciences and heat transfer. He has published several research papers in International Journals of repute. He has guided four research scholars to complete their Ph.D. degree and carried out two research projects and five consultancy assignments. He is also a Certified Energy Auditor by Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Power, New Delhi.

Sanjay Chhalotre

Sanjay Chhalotre is an Associate professor in the department of Mechanical Engineering, Sagar Institute of Science & Technology Bhopal, India. He has completed PhD from Maulana Azad national Institute of Technology Bhopal, India. He has 6 publications peer-reviewed international journals and is presently workings on many more papers. His areas of Interests include Internal combustion engines, heat, and mass transfer.

Zafar Said

Zafar Said is an Associate Professor at the Department of Sustainable Renewable Energy Engineering at the University of Sharjah. He also works as Adjunct Faculty at the U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E) National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Pakistan. He works in the field of Renewable Energy, Solar Energy, Heat Transfer, AI, optimization, Nanofluids, BTMS, NePCM, and nano lubricants. He has published over 230+ papers as per Web of Science, including one in Progress in Energy and Combustion (IF: 35.339), One in Physics Reports (IF: 30.105), One in Advanced Energy Materials (IF: 29.698), One in Nano Energy (IF: 19.069), 6 in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (IF: 16.799), 2 books, 20 book chapters, 26 conference papers), with about 11925+ citations and an H-index of 63. As per Web of Science, he has 18 Hot Papers, 41 Highly cited Papers, and 42 Top Papers in the cycle 2018-2022. He is also ranked in World's Top 2% Scientists 2019, 2020, and 2021 by Elsevier BV and Stanford University) in the field of Energy. He is also ranked in the top 100 scientists in the United Arab Emirates, as per adscientific index. Dr. Zafar serves as the Editorial Board Member for several ISI Journals.