https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8163-8596
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ABSTRACT
Researchers are exploring for new alternatives to fossil fuels to improve the performance and reduce the pollution of internal combustion engines. This is because fossil fuels are becoming more expensive and pollution levels are going up. The purpose of this research was to find a way to replace standard diesel with blended fuels. This was done by putting mixtures of diesel, biodiesel, methanol, and nitromethane (CH3NO2) into an engine and looking at how they burned, how well they worked, and how much pollution they made. The fuels that were tested were diesel, B10 (90% D and 10% biodiesel), B10NM1 (diesel 87%, biodiesel 10%, methanol 2%, CH3NO2 1%), B10NM2 (diesel 86%, biodiesel 10%, methanol 2%, CH3NO2 2%), and B10NM3 (diesel 85%, biodiesel 10%, methanol 2%, CH3NO2 3%). Experiments were done on a single-cylinder, four-stroke DI diesel engine using blends of diesel, biodiesel, and nitro methane to find the ideal blending ratio and engine operating conditions for enhancing performance and minimizing emissions. Under normal engine conditions, the B10NM3 blend (made up of 85% diesel, 10% biodiesel, 2% methanol, and 3% nitro methane) gave the highest performance and the least amount of pollution. Compared to pure B10, the B10NM1 mix decreased emissions (HC by 8.1% and CO by 13.6%) while raising BTE by 15.6%, NOx by 7.2%, and cylinder pressure by 2.2%. On the other hand, NOx emissions went up by 7.2%.
Research highlights
Addition of nitromethane with diesel-biodiesel stronger effect on the engine performance.
Thermal efficiency was improved for diesel engine addition of nitromethane.
CO and HC emissions decreased with addition of nitromethane.
NOX emission were increased for diesel engine fueled with addition of nitromethane.
Nomenclature
| BTE | = | Brake thermal efficiency |
| BSFC | = | Brake specific fuel consumption |
| B10 | = | 10% Millettia pinnata biodiesel and 90% diesel |
| B10NM1 | = | 10% Millettia pinnata biodiesel, 1% CH3NO2 2% methanol and 87% diesel |
| B10NM2 | = | 10% Millettia pinnata biodiesel, 2% CH3NO2 2% methanol and 86% diesel |
| B10NM3 | = | 10% Millettia pinnata biodiesel, 3% CH3NO2 2% methanol and 85% diesel |
| CR | = | Compression ratio |
| CO | = | Carbon monoxide |
| HC | = | Hydrocarbons |
| CI | = | Compression ignition |
| IP | = | Injection pressure |
| NOx | = | Nitric oxide |
| PPM | = | Part per million |
| VCR | = | Variable compression ratio |
| CO2 | = | Carbon dioxide |
| EGT | = | Exhaust gas temperature |
Acknowledgement
The authors acknowledge the support provided by National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur, 831014, Jharkhand, India for providing basic facilities to compile this work.
Disclosure statement
Conflicts of interest: No conflicts of interest.
Author contribution
Md Ashfaque Alam: Writing original draft.
Anil Kumar Prasad: Reviewing & final drafting.
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Md Ashfaque Alam
Md Ashfaque Alam is a PhD scholar in Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jharkhand 831014, India.
Anil Kumar Prasad
Anil Kumar Prasad is an Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jharkhand 831014, India.