Transport sector transformation: integrating electric vehicles in Turkey’s distribution grids

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the impacts of integrating electrical vehicles to pilot distribution grids in Turkey to quantify technical concerns and solutions for the year 2030. Different charging loads that discern home, workplace and public charging are considered under two different cases; “home-charging-support” and “public-charging-support.” Random variables describing arrival time of electrical vehicles to the charging stations and associated state of charge at arrival time are modeled with a stochastic approach. Dependencies of electrical vehicle integration capacities of the pilot regions are investigated quantitatively based on several key performance indices. The study also analyzes effects on key performance indicators of demand response by electrical vehicle users, defined as smart charging. Key results show that there is sufficient capacity in the four selected Turkish distribution grids to integrate almost 10% electrical vehicles in the vehicle stock by 2030. Based on the results, priority areas are outlined for stakeholders including energy policymakers.

KEYWORDS:

• Electric vehicles
• demand response
• distribution grid
• smart charging
• stochastic approach

Acknowledgments

This paper presents the scientific results of the project “Intelligent system for trading on wholesale electricity market” (SMARTRADE), co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), through the Competitiveness Operational Programme (COP) 2014-2020, priority axis 1 – Research, technological development and innovation (RD&I) to support economic competitiveness and business development, Action 1.1.4 - Attracting high-level personnel from abroad in order to enhance the RD capacity, contract ID P_37_418, no. 62/05.09.2016, beneficiary The Bucharest University of Economic Studies. In addition, this study is supported by “TÜBİTAK TEYDEB 1509 - Uluslararası Sanayi Ar-Ge Projeleri” program with the project number of 9180003.

Additional information

Funding

This work presents the scientific results of the project “Intelligent system for trading on wholesale electricity market” (SMARTRADE), co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund, through the Competitiveness Operational Programme 2014–2020, priority axis 1—Research, technological development, and innovation to support economic competitiveness and business development, Action 1.1.4—Attracting high-level personnel from abroad in order to enhance the RD capacity, contract ID P_37_418, no. 62/05.09.2016, beneficiary The Bucharest University of Economic Studies. In addition, this work was supported in part by TUBITAK TEYDEB program under Project 9180003, and in part by the „Small and Medium Industry Development Organization (KOSGEB) Research and Development and Innovation Program'' with title of „Şebeke Esneklik Çözümlerinin Elektrik Piyasa ve Şebeke Simülasyonları ile Analiz Edilebilmesine Yönelik Modelleme, Simülasyon ve Optimizasyon Yöntemleri Araştırma ve Geliştirme Projesi„.