Notes
1. The term Islamist here consistently refers to all movements who strive for the implementation of a state governance system premised on their interpretation of compliance with Shariah law. These include political groups and movements that do and do not endorse violence. The term Islamist in this article does not refer to Muslims as persons following the Islamic faith. It is also not used interchangeably with the word Islamic, that is, a characteristic feature of Islam the religion.
2. Although undoubtedly these factors negatively affected the broader populations deeply as well, though in ways that are differentiated according to different identifiers (gender, class, background, political orientation, etc.).
3. For a useful discussion of coping with violence, see Oosterom. (Citation2016).
4. Although this may have also been influenced by the broader state of revolutionary opposition to the Muslim Brotherhood's rule.
5. Though as will be noted later, the terms of engagement, and therefore the entente may however change, depending on how Al Sissi handles sectarian matters.
6. Interestingly, many women pointed to some Christian men starting to grow their beards as a means of not sticking out (in other words coping by assimilating).
7. CIHRS (Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies) released a statement in June 2013 representing the views of 20 leading Egyptian human rights organizations summarising how the violations that have occurred during President Morsi’s year in office cumulatively lay the underpinnings of an authoritarian regime.
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Mariz Tadros
Mariz Tadros is the co-convenor of the Power and Popular Politics cluster at the Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UK. She is the author of several publications including three monographs: The Muslim Brotherhood in Contemporary Egypt (Routledge, 2012), Copts at the Crossroads (American University in Cairo, 2013) and Resistance, Revolt, and Gender Justice in Egypt (Syracuse University Press, 2016).