Mechanisms and classification of tinnitus: a discussion paper

Abstract

Tinnitus is often described as subjective or objective tinnitus. This categorisation is sometimes inconsistent with classification such as ‘pathological’, ‘temporary’, ‘extra‐auditory ’or ‘associated tinnitus’. The great majority of the tinnitus sufferers have subjective tinnitus and generally when the word ‘tinnitus’ is used, it implies subjective tinnitus, which only is audible by the tinnitus patient. Instead of classifying tinnitus in ‘subjective’ or ‘objective tinnitus’, ‘genuine tinnitus’, could be used and replace the term ‘subjective tinnitus’. Objective tinnitus which is a sound sensations created by an acoustical source within the body, should rather be described by the condition causing this sensation and not be described as tinnitus. Tinnitus can consequently be defined as “a sound sensation in the absence of an internal or external acoustical source or electrical stimulation”.

• classification
• mechanisms
• tinnitus