Introduction

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Acknowledgments

The guest editors would like to thank Professor Leonard Weinberg and his colleagues at Democracy and Security for their kindness and forbearance in hosting this special issue. These articles were first delivered as presentations at the international conference “Populist Racism in Britain and Europe since 1945,” and we would like to give thanks to all participants for the stimulating exchange of ideas in September 2011.

Notes

1. See, for example, Ramón Spaaij, “The Enigma of Lone-Wolf Terrorism: An Assessment,” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 33, no. 9 (2010): 854–870; and on European (neo-)populism, see Nora Langenbacher and Britta Schellenberg, eds., Is Europe on the Right Paths? Right-wing Extremism and Right-wing Populism in Europe (Berlin: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Forum, 2011).

2. See Gerry Gable and Paul Jackson, Lone Wolfs: Myth or Reality? (Ilford: Searchlight Publications, 2011).

3. On David Copeland, see Graham McLagan and Nick Lowle's Mr. Evil (London: John Blake, 2000), and more concisely, Nigel Copsey, Contemporary British Fascism (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2008), 105.

4. Matthew Feldman and Paul Jackson, “Britain's Extreme Right Wing and New Media,” in Paul Jackson and Gerry Gable, eds., Far-right.com: Nationalist Extremism on the Internet (Northampton: RNM Publications, 2011), 48.

5. A good summary is offered by Charles Postel, The Populist Vision (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), ch. 9.

6. Scott Terry, cited in “Race Debate at CPAC Descends into Chaos after Slavery Slur,” The Guardian, www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/mar/15/race-debate-cpac-slavery-slur (all websites last accessed March 17, 2013).

7. Aristotle Kallis, Genocide and Fascism: The Eliminationist Drive in Fascist Europe (Abingdon: Routledge, 2009), 111.

8. For a concise account, see the Simon Weisenthal Centre report, Hate 2.0: Online Terror + Hate, The First Decade (2010), 7, www.wiesenthal.com/atf/cf/%7BDFD2AAC1-2ADE-428A-9263-35234229D8D8%7D/ireport.pdf.

9. Some evidence on problems of digital fluency has been presented in a recent report by Jamie Bartlett and Carl Miller for the think tank Demos, Truth, Lies and the Internet: A Report into Young People's Digital Fluency (September 2011), www.demos.co.uk/files/Truth_-_web.pdf.

10. See Chip Berlet, “Breivik's Core Thesis Is White Nationalism vs. Multiculturalism, Talk to Action, 08/03/2011, http://www.talk2action.org/story/2011/7/25/ 73510/6015.

11. See Ramón Spaaij, Understanding Lone Wolf Terrorism (London: Springer, 2012), 25ff.

12. See, for example, Matthew Feldman, “Breivk's Three Acts of Terrorism,” in “Bloodlands: Critical Geographical Responses to the 22 July 2011 Events in Norway,” in Society and Space: Environment and Planning D 30, no. 2 (2012), www.envplan.com/openaccess/ d303.pdf.

13. See, for example, Hans-Georg Betz, Radical Right Wing Populism in Europe (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 1994); and more recently, Cas Mudde, Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007).

14. Tamir Bar-On, Where Have All the Fascists Gone? (London: Aldershot, 2007), 8.

15. For more on this, see Pierre-Andre Taguieff, The Force of Prejudice: On Racism and Its Doubles, trans. Hassan Melehy (London: University of Minnesota Press, 2001).

16. Nick Griffin, “By Their Fruits (or the Lack of Them) Shall You Know Them” (c. 2005), http://library.flawlesslogic.com/griffin_01.htm.