Green nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for osteogenic disorders

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Current treatments for osteogenic disorders are often successful, however they are not free of drawbacks, such as toxicity or side effects. Nanotechnology offers a platform for drug delivery in the treatment of bone disorders, which can overcome such limitations. Nevertheless, traditional synthesis of nanomaterials presents environmental and health concerns due to its production of toxic by-products, the need for extreme and harsh raw materials, and their lack of biocompatibility over time.

Areas covered

This review article contains an overview of the current status of treating osteogenic disorders employing green nanotechnological approaches, showing some of the latest advances in the application of green nanomaterials, as drug delivery carriers, for the effective treatment of osteogenic disorders.

Expert opinion

Green nanotechnology, as a potential solution, is understood as the use of living organisms, biomolecules and environmentally friendly processes for the production of nanomaterials. Nanomaterials derived from bacterial cultures or biomolecules isolated from living organisms, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids, have been proven to be effective composites. These nanomaterials introduce enhancements in the treatment and prevention of osteogenic disorders, compared to physiochemically-synthesized nanostructures, specifically in terms of their improved cell attachment and proliferation, as well as their ability to prevent bacterial adhesion.

KEYWORDS:

• Green nanotechnology
• osteogenic disorders
• green nanotechnology
• nanomedicine
• drug delivery systems
• bone tissue regeneration
• controlled release
• targeted delivery
• bone disorders
• nano-engineered scaffolds
• nanoparticles

Article highlights

• Drug delivery for the treatment of osteogenic disorders is not free of drawbacks

• Nanotechnology offers a suitable solution to overcome such inconveniences

• Traditional synthesis of nanomaterials have problems related to their biomedical applicability

• Green nanotechnology appears as a potential solution through the use of environmentally-friendly and naturally-derived approaches

• Green-derived nanotechnologies show enhanced biocompatibility and applicability for the drug delivery of compounds to treat osteogenic disorders.

This box summarizes key points contained in the article.

Declaration of interest

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Reviewer disclosures

Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.

Additional information

Funding

This paper was not funded.