Cutting balloons, covered stents and paclitaxel-coated balloons for the treatment of dysfunctional dialysis access

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Percutaneous transcatheter balloon angioplasty has evolved to the current mainstay treatment for salvage of dysfunctional dialysis access. Nonetheless, it is frequently associated with recurrent vessel restenosis and the need for multiple repeat treatments in order to maintain hemodynamic patency. Cutting-balloons, covered stents or stent-grafts, and paclitaxel-coated balloons have been extensively tested and investigated with the aim to improve immediate anatomical and long-term clinical results.

Areas covered: In the present overview, we discuss the background and appraise relevant medical literature on the aforementioned technologies and provide a more in-depth synthesis of the results of different clinical studies for each device category. We will also discuss the limitations in the mode of action of each group of devices and envision what the future holds for the challenging field of dialysis access interventions.

Expert commentary: We propose a good practice algorithm for the treatment of thrombosed or dysfunctional dialysis access.

KEYWORDS:

• Cutting balloons
• covered stents
• stent-grafts
• paclitaxel-coated balloons
• restenosis
• balloon angioplasty
• arteriovenous fistula
• arteriovenous graft
• synthetic graft
• hemodialysis
• dialysis
• stenosis
• thrombosis

Declaration of interest

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Additional information

Funding

This paper was not funded.