Girls and women speak out from Afghan moral prisons: Tackling extremism and violence against women in a conflict environment

ABSTRACT

This empirical research documented voices of women and girls in female shelters and prisons in Samangan, Laghman and Wardak provinces who experienced systematic sexual and gender based violence before and after they escaped forced marriages, forced virginity tests, physical and sexual violence. Women who challenged the status quo, fundamentalism and extremism faced imprisonment for up to five years. The research interviewed primary, secondary and territory health care professionals, who carried out or witnessed invasive virginity tests. The evidence suggests that women are being deprived of basic human rights of exercising autonomy and freedom. It shows difficulties some health professionals’ encounter in documenting, reporting and treating cases of violence against women and girls. The research concludes that a survivor-centered approach, and secular framework is required against tyranny, misogyny and oppression. Instead of imposing moral arguments and harmful laws that undermine women’s rights, brave leadership at many levels is required to tackle health inequities, dismantle patriarchy, counter fundamentalism and other entrenched systems of inequality. A new kind of feminist citizenship is needed not based on identity but political values.

KEYWORDS:

• Public health
• conflict
• gender based violence
• women’s rights
• survivor-centred approach

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Notes

1 For detailed discussion on the history of war in Afghanistan see Ahmad and Avoine (2016, pp. 88–90).

2 For further discussion on Baadal and Baad see a report on harmful traditional practices by UNAMA (2010).

3 The Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women.

4 Elimination of Violence Against Women Law.

5 For further discussion see Ahmad and Avoine (2016).