No effect of acute and chronic supramaximal exercise on circulating levels of the myokine SPARC

Abstract

Myokines may play a role in the health benefits of regular physical activity. Secreted protein acidic rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a pleiotropic myokine that has been shown to be released into the bloodstream by skeletal muscle in response to aerobic exercise. As there is evidence suggesting that SPARC release may be linked to glycogen breakdown and activation of 5’ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, we hypothesised that brief supramaximal exercise may also be associated with increased serum SPARC levels. In the present study, 10 participants (3 women; mean ± SD age: 21 ± 3 y, body mass index (BMI): 22 ± 3 kg m⁻², and V˙O_2max: 39 ± 6 mL kg⁻¹ min⁻¹) performed an acute bout of supramaximal cycle exercise (20-s Wingate sprint against 7.5% of body mass, with a 1-min warm-up and a 3-min cool-down consisting of unloaded cycling). Serum SPARC levels were determined pre-exercise as well as 0, 15, and 60 min post-exercise and corrected for plasma volume change. To determine whether regular exercise affected the acute SPARC response, participants repeated the acute exercise protocol three times per week for four weeks, and serum SPARC response to supramaximal exercise was reassessed after this period. Acute supramaximal exercise significantly decreased plasma volume (−10%; p < .001), but was not associated with a significant change in serum SPARC levels at either the pre-training or post-training testing sessions. In conclusion, in contrast to aerobic exercise, a single brief supramaximal cycle sprint is not associated with an increase in serum SPARC levels, suggesting that SPARC release is not related to skeletal muscle glycogen breakdown.

Keywords:

• Secreted protein acidic rich in cysteine
• osteonectin
• basement-membrane protein 40
• Wingate sprint

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Yung-Chih Chen for technical assistance, and Jack Constable, Paul Maas, Ed Maunder, James Mitchell, and Daniel Roberts for assistance with the supervision of training and testing sessions. Preeyaphorn Songsorn is supported by a PhD studentship provided by Thammasat University.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

ORCID

Niels B. J. Vollaard http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4576-8879