Changes in the skin characteristics associated with dehydration and rehydration

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that changes in the dermal tissue dielectric constant (TDC) and biomechanical properties of the skin would be correlated with the indicators related to dehydration. Ten healthy adult men were enrolled in three trials: no fluid intake (DEH), ad libitum fluid intake (AL-HYD), and programmed fluid intake (P-HYD) after exercise in a randomised crossover design. The participants performed a pedalling exercise at 60% heart rate reserve until 2% body mass loss. At 120 min after exercise, an incremental exercise test was carried out. Aerobic capacity, body composition, TDC, biomechanical properties of the skin (pliability, viscoelasticity, and total recovery), and indicators related to dehydration in the serum and urine were measured before and 120 min after exercise. Higher values of the pliability and viscoelasticity, and lower value of the total recovery on the hand were demonstrated in the P-HYD trial compared to the DEH trial (all P < 0.05). Changes in the TDC were significantly correlated with changes in body mass, total body water, serum osmolarity, and hematocrit (all P < 0.05). Changes in the biomechanical properties of the hand were significantly correlated with changes in body mass, hematocrit, and urine specific gravity (all P < 0.05). The present study showed that the changes in skin characteristics correlated with the body water and dehydration-associated indicators in the serum and urine, thus suggesting that skin characteristics may be useful in the assessment of dehydration.

Highlights

• This study was the first to investigate the effect of dehydration and rehydration on the TDC and biomechanical properties of the skin upon instrumental measure, and not manual testing.

• This study confirmed the decline in aerobic capacity by dehydration and immediate recovery with sufficient rehydration.

• Changes in the TDC and the biomechanical properties of the skin correlated with the body water and dehydration-associated indicators in the serum and urine.

• Skin characteristics may be useful in the assessment of dehydration.

KEYWORDS:

• Assessment
• body composition
• health
• physiology
• performance

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the High Performance Sport Centre Total Conditioning Research Project from JAPAN SPORT COUNCIL.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by JAPAN SPORT COUNCIL: [Grant Number Total Conditioning Research Project].