Spatial information in ecosystem service assessment: data applicability in the cascade model context

Abstract

Spatial information and geographical information systems (GISs) are widely used in ecosystem service research, but both the information and the methods need to be properly understood in order to make coherent analyses. We discuss the practical challenges of incorporating spatial data to ecosystem service assessment in an agricultural landscape and apply the ecosystem service cascade model to put different data into context. We review the prerequisites and practices for successful ‘ecosystem service GIS’ and provide a structured view of the information and data needed in the assessment of ecosystem services at a regional scale. Due to the heterogeneity of the spatial data, the regional characteristics should be considered in environmental decision-making through ethnographic research on local expertise to make optimal choices in using spatial information.

Keywords:

• biodiversity
• ecosystem services
• environmental monitoring
• environmental policy
• GIS
• sustainability

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the MTT Agrifood Research Finland, in particular H. Huitu, for cooperation concerning the SoilWeather data and the field study in the Karjaanjoki River catchment area. The study was conducted as part of a project Regional sustainability – ecosystem services and environmental technology (REGSUS), financed by the Academy of Finland (grant number 131893), and carried out in collaboration with the Finnish Environment Institute, the Academy of Finland project 251806, and with a project entitled Wetland suitability to migratory waterfowl in a changing world, financed by the Kone Foundation.